摘要
对我国江苏省淮阴县、北京市平谷县、内蒙古自治区库伦旗、陕西省吴旗县和甘肃省武威市的不同年龄的沙打旺（ＡｓｔｒａｇａｌｕｓａｄｓｕｒｇｅｎｓＰａｌ．）病害进行了调查，并以生长地≥０℃年积温和草原湿润度为指标，分析了病害与产地环境条件的关系。结果表明，沙打旺植株田间发病率随草地年龄而增加，在四龄时最高可达１００％。共发现１０种真菌病害，它们是锈病（Ｕｒｏｍｙｃｅｓｌａｐｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ）、白粉病（Ｅｒｙｓｉｐｈｅｐｉｓｉ）、小丛壳炭疽病（Ｇｌｏｍｅｒｅｌａｓｐ．）、交链孢黑斑病（Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａａｌｔｅｒｎａｔａ）、多主枝孢叶斑病（Ｃｌａｄｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍｈｅｒｂａｒｕｍ）、茎点霉褐霉病（Ｐｈｏｍａｓｐ．）、棘壳孢叶斑病（Ｐｙｒｅｎｏｃｈａｅｔａｓｐ．）、丝核菌基腐病（Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｔｏｎｉａｓｏｌａｎｉ）、壳针孢斑枯病（Ｓｅｐｔｏｒｉａｓｐ．）和匍柄霉叶斑病（Ｓｔｅｍｐｈｙｌｉｕｍｂｏｔｒｙｏｓｕｍ）等，另发现细菌病、病毒病（花叶病）和菟丝子各１种。细菌、病毒未鉴定，菟丝子为中国菟丝子（Ｃｕｓｃｕｔａｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）。各地病害发生种数与≥０℃年积温相关不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），但与草原湿润度（Ｋ值）显著相关?
iseases of Astragalus adsurgens Pall. growing at provinces of Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Beijing were surveyed and their occurrence in relation to the local environmental conditions were discussed. The results showed that disease incdence increased with the age of pastures. Ten fugal diseases were found. They are rust (Uromycees lapponicus Lagerh.), powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi DC.), anthracnose (Glomerella sp.), black leaf spot (Alternaria alternata Nees.), Cladosporium leaf spot (Cladosporium herbarium (Pers.) Link), dark brown mildew (Phoma sp.), Rhizoctonia foot rot (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhm.) and leaf spots caused by Pyrenochaeta sp., Septoria sp. and Stemphylium botryosum Wallr., respectively. In addition, a stem canker caused by a bacterium, a leaf mosaic and dodders (Cuscuta chinensis Lam.) were also found in some fields surveyed. The number of fungal diseases occurred in the fields was correlated significantly with Ren and Hu's Grassland Moisture Index (r2=0.732 3, P<0.05), which could be expressed as Y=2.412 5+2.414 7 X, where Y=number of fungal diseases, X=Ren and Hu's Grassland Moisture Index.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第6期30-34,共5页
Pratacultural Science
基金
农业部项目
关键词
沙打旺
病害
白粉病
锈病
分布
防治
Astragalus adsurgens, fungal diseases, Glomerella sp., Erysiphe pisi, Uromyces lapponicus, Septoria sp., Pyrenochaeta sp., Rhizoctonia solani
