摘要
科技政策对于构建国家创新体系,提升自主创新能力具有至关重要的作用。但是目前国内外的科技政策研究,基本上停留在定性分析层面,运用计量模型进行定量研究的尚未见到,所以,无法较为准确的评估科技政策对于技术绩效乃至经济绩效的影响。本文的特色和理论意义在于,尝试通过量化科技政策,建立经典的计量模型来客观评估中国科技政策。本文收集了1978-2006年国家颁布的技术政策,并从中选择与科技创新最为相关的423条政策进行量化分析,定量描述了1978年以来中国技术创新政策的演变轨迹。本文发现:政府不同部门在技术创新目标取向上的政策协同显示出显著的阶段性特征;随着国家对技术的高度重视,政策协同程度也在迅速提高;技术政策话语权分布不均衡的深层次原因在于国家经济和政治体制改革过程中的制度路径依赖和部门利益之争。本文的一项探索性工作是将科技政策变量引入柯布-道格拉斯生产函数,探讨科技政策对经济与技术绩效的影响。更进一步,本文还探讨了政府不同部门在技术创新目标取向上的政策协同对经济与技术绩效的影响。
S＆T polices play a critical role in the constitution of National Innovation System（NIS） and promotion of independent innovation. However, most researches on S＆T policies dwell on the descriptive analysis. It is rare to see the quantified research. As a result, it is difficult to evaluate accurately the effect of S＆T polices on the technological and economic performance. The S＆T polices is tried to quantify. Chinese S＆T polices are objectively evaluated by typical econometric models. S＆T polices issued by national departments from 1978 to 2006 are collected and a database is built. Among them, 423 S＆T policies, most related with innovation, are selected from the database. And then, these polices are quantified and the evolution of Chinese S＆T polices is described since 1978. It is found that the coordination of different departments on different policy goals has significant phased. With the high attention paying to S＆T policies, the coordination among policies increases rapidly. The reason is that the institutional path dePendence and the competition of benefits among different departments have aggravated an unbalanced distribution of the right to influence technology policies during the process of reform. A method introducing policy variable to C - D function is explored and the effect of S＆T polices on the performance is discussed. Moreover, the effect of coordination among departments of policy goals on technological and economic performance is discussed.
出处
《科研管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第4期134-150,共17页
Science Research Management
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(70571036)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(70732002)资助
教育部哲学社会科学创新基地“南京大学经济转型和发展研究中心”子课题“经济转型和发展中的人力资源研究”项目资助
关键词
科技政策
定量研究
技术绩效
经济绩效
S＆T policy
quantification research
technological performance
economic performance
