摘要
通过对江苏4个酸雨监测点近13年观测数据统计分析发现:江苏酸雨发生的年平均天数、酸雨出现次数、年平均酸雨量等都具有自北向南逐渐增加的趋势,酸雨发生次数和酸雨量具有明显的年际分布特征和月变化规律,发生天数和酸雨量的月变化均呈现抛物线形分布。根据发生酸雨时前期污染物浓度和气象因子平行分析,探讨了南京地区酸雨发生时污染物浓度和气象因子的变化规律,总结出了产生酸雨的有利条件:前一天污染物浓度为NO2≥0.04 mg/m3,PM10+NO2≥0.085 mg/m3,SO2+NO2≥0.08 mg/m3,850 hPa主导风向以西南风为主,次之是东南风,风速小于等于12 m/s。900 hPa以下出现逆温层。在此基础上提出了南京地区酸雨潜势预报方法并进行了预报结果验证。
Based on the analysis of 13-year acid rain data from four monitoring spots in Jiangsu, it is concluded that the annual mean number of acid rain days, the occurrence frequency of acid rain events, and the annual mean amount of acid rainfall in Jiangsu tend to increase gradually from north to south. The frequency and amount of acid rainfall show obvious annual and seasonal variation characteristics. The number of acid rain days and the monthly variation of acid rainfall exhibit a parabola-shape distribution. According to the parallel analysis of pollutant concentration and meteorological factors before acid rains, the variation regularities of pollutant concentrations and meteorological factors during acid rains in Nanjing are studied, and the favorable conditions for acid rains are summed up that the preceding pollutant concentration： NO2 ≥0.04 mg/m^3, PM10＋NO2≥0. 085 mg/m^3, SO2 ＋NO2≥0.08 mg/m^3 ; at 850 hPa, southwest winds prevail and southeast winds take the secondary place; wind velocities are less than or equals 12 m/s; there exists an inversion layer under 900 hPa. Base on these findings, the method of acid rain potential forecast in Nanjing is presented and forecast verification is conducted.
出处
《气象科技》
2008年第4期462-467,共6页
Meteorological Science and Technology
基金
中国气象局研究型业务项目(YW200603)
江苏省气象局科研重点项目(200601)资助
关键词
酸雨
时空分布
影响因子
预报方法
acid rain, space-time distribution, influencing factor, forecasting method
