摘要
目的探讨影响低年级小学生近视发生的危险因素，为学生近视的防制提供依据。方法分层整群随机抽取上海市6个区36所学校一～三年级小学生，采用问卷调查方式调查小学生的近视相关因素，共获有效问卷21850份。并利用Logistic回归分析近视发生的危险因素。结果单因素Logistic回归分析发现，读书时眼睛与书本距离、车上看书、每晚做作业时间、一次看书写作业持续时间超过40min、眼睛酸累和最喜欢咸味是小学生近视发生的危险因素；进一步多因素Logistic回归分析发现，读书时眼睛与书本距离、车上看书、眼睛酸累和最喜欢咸味对模型的作用有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。结论上海市小学生视力不良率持续上升，不良阅读姿势和过度用眼是小学生近视发生的关键因素。应及早对学生进行用眼行为干预，早期预防近视发生。
Objective To evaluate behavioral risk factors related to myopia among pupils and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of myopia. Methods With muhi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, thirty-six primary schools in six districts in Shanghai were selected, all the pupils in grade 1-3 were included. A questionnaire study was conducted among 21 850 pupils. Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors related to myopia. Results Single factor logistic regression showed that the risk factors to myopia were the distance between eyes and book when reading, reading on the bus, hours spend on doing homework every night, exceeding 40 minutes once reading or doing homework, eyestrain and favorite taste. The result of further multiple logistic regression was that distance between eyes and book when reading, reading on the bus, eyestrain and favorite taste had statistical difference （P〈0.05） to the model. Conclusion Improper reading posture and excessive eyes using are the key factors of myopia. Behavior intervention should be carried out as early as possible among pupils.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第8期681-682,685,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
上海市教委教育科学研究重点项目
关键词
近视
患病率
危险因素
回归分析
学生
Myopia
Prevalence
Risk factors
Regression analysis
Students
