摘要
唐葛蒲干腐病也称唐菖蒲枯萎病是唐菖蒲主要病害之一,病原为尖孢镰刀菌唐菖蒲专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.spgladioli)。生物学特性研究表明,唐菖蒲干腐病菌在淀粉琼脂培养基上菌丝生长最好,该病菌利用的碳源以果糖最好,麦芽糖最差;牛肉膏为菌丝生长最佳氮源,硝酸钾对菌丝生长最差。以酵母浸膏为病菌产孢最佳氮源,氯化铵中产孢最差;在葡萄糖蛋白培养基上产孢最好;最适孢子萌发的碳源为可溶性淀粉,氮源为牛肉膏。pH 6～8适宜产孢,pH7产孢最好;在4～35℃条件下菌丝均能生长,25～28℃最适合菌丝生长和产孢;黑暗有利于菌丝生长和产孢。孢子萌发的适温20～30℃,最适28℃,相对湿度(RH)在90%～100%均能萌发,在水滴中萌发率最高,RH 低于90%孢子不萌发;萌发最适pH 4～5,pH 5最好,高于 pH 10孢子不萌发,黑暗条件下对孢子的萌发有一定的促进作用。
The dry rot of gladiola, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp gladioli is one of main diseases in gladioli. However, until now less work has been conducted on the biologic-characteristics of the pathogen, and leading to poor control of the diseases. The results shows that the optimal medium is amylaceum-peptone, the pathogen was able to use many kinds of Carbon sources for the growth in which fructose is best, whereas malt sugar was the worst. As to the growth of the hypha, optimal nitrogen source was beef extract, whereas kalium nitricum was the worst; For the spore production of the pathogen, the optimal nitrogen source was yeast while amchlor was the worst. 25-28 ℃, pH 5-6 were an optimal condition for growth of Fusarium oxyspoyum f.sp glalili, Entire dark condition benefited spore production. For spore germination the optimum temperature and relative humidity （RH） were 20-28 ℃ and 90%-100%, respectively, however, spore germination is best at 28℃ and in drops of water. The spores failed to germinate at RH〈90%. Spore germination was available in the rang of pH 4-5, but pH 10 or above inhibited spore germination. Dark condition was favorable for spore germination.
出处
《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》
2008年第4期308-312,共5页
Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)
基金
上海市农委重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2005)第1-4号]
关键词
唐菖蒲
干腐病
尖孢镰刀菌
生物学特性
gladiola
dry rot
Fusarium oxyspoyum f. sp glalili
biological characteristics
