摘要
目的调查分析重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染的病原菌流行菌株分布、耐药情况及其耐药性变化趋势,为危重患者抗感染治疗提供依据。方法对ICU 2000年1月-2005年12月所分离出的病原菌菌株及其耐药性进行回顾性调查分析。结果共检出病原菌896株,其中革兰阴性菌666株(74.3%),以铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍氏不动杆菌为主,主要见于呼吸道感染;革兰阳性球菌230株(25.7%),以葡萄球菌属和肠球菌属为主,主要见于呼吸道和泌尿道感染;病原菌对常用抗菌药物耐药严重,且呈多药耐药,革兰阳性菌分离率逐年增多,革兰阴性菌对主要抗菌药物的耐药率呈逐年上升之势。结论ICU医院感染的部位主要是呼吸道,以革兰阴性菌为主,对常用抗菌药物耐药严重,且呈多药耐药,需严格掌握抗菌药物使用原则,根据药敏选用抗菌药物。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevailing strains of pathogens of hospital acquired infections in ICU and their drug-resistances in order to provide treatment basis for critical and severe patients in fighting against infection. METHODS A retrospective investigation analysis was made for all the isolated bacteria as well as their drug-resistance in our hospital from Jan 2000 to Dec 2005. RESULTS Totally 869 bacterial strains were isolated which included 666 strains of G-bacteria （74.3%）, and 230 strains of G^＋ bacteria（25.7%）. The G-bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniase, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, etc, which were isolated mainly from respiratory tract. The G＋ bacteria consisted of Staphylococcus and Enterococcus. Staphylococcus were mainly isolated from respiratory tract and Enterococcus from urinary tract. Bacteria were highly resistant to commonly used antimicrobials and demonstrated multi-drug resistance. The isolated rate of G^＋ bacteria and drug resistance of G^- bacteria to the commonly used antibiotics was increasing yearly. CONCLUSIONS The pathogens are mainly isolated from respiratory tract and the most are G^- strains and multi-drug-resistant. The selection and use of antibiotics should be based on the results of drug-sensitivity tests.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第8期1171-1174,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
重症监护病房
医院感染
病原菌
耐药
Intensive care unit
Hospital acquired infection
Pathogen
Drug-resistance
