摘要
汉语中存在一类偏依性对举结构：一个对举项能够独立,另一对举项不能独立而要依附于对方。这种对举结构一般是在对比、引述性修正、折中表达等主观性动因驱动下对功能不完全等值的语法单位、语法单位的组合进行对称化操作形成的。本文就极性词的正反对举、有界成分与无界成分构成的有标记组配的正反对举、反义词无标记项与有标记项的对举、非极性词肯定式与否定式的对称与不对称等情况分别进行了讨论。
There is a kind of unilateral symmetrical expression (SE) in Chinese in which one of the items is independent and the other is not independent, i.e. it must be subordinate to the former. Normally, the emergence of such expressions is the result of the symmetrical operation of incomplete equipollent grammatical unit and syntagma on the function. This paper discusses the SE of 1) opposite polar items, 2) marked construals which are composed of bounded and unbounded units, 3) marked and unmarked items of antonyms, 4) symmetry and asymmetry of the affirmative and negative forms of non-polar items, etc.
出处
《世界汉语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第3期28-42,共15页
Chinese Teaching in the World
关键词
偏依性
对举结构
对称
不对称
unilaterality, symmetrical structure, symmetry, asymmetry
