摘要
根据2005年9月至2005年12月及2003年12月至2004年5月在印度洋中西部水域调查所获得的数据，对大眼金枪鱼食性进行了初步研究。结果表明，印度洋中西部水域大眼金枪鱼食物组成包括鱿、鲐、沙丁鱼、乌贼、蟹、竹笑鱼、蛇鲭、乌鲂、刺鲷、虾、帆蜥、鳞钝、水母和杂鱼等饵料，其中主要食物为鱿（IRI=50．84％）、鲐（IRI=17．70％）以及虾类（IRI=9．49％）。空胃率较高，雄性大眼金枪鱼的空胃率高达52．2％，而雌性大眼金枪鱼的空胃率则为47．7％。食物组成有明显的月份变化，各月大眼金枪鱼食物中鱿所占比重均较大，其次是鲐、沙丁鱼、虾以及蟹。食物中平均饵料重量及平均饵料个数的月变化较为显著，且趋势较为一致。各体长组大眼金枪鱼食物中鱿重量均占有一定的比例，鲐和沙丁鱼所占比重也较大，蟹类以及虾类在大眼金枪鱼的食物中也占有一定的比重。各体长组大眼金枪鱼食物中平均饵料重量及平均饵料个数的变化显著，且趋势较为一致，110-140cm体长范围内的大眼金枪鱼摄食量较大。各月Shannon-Weiner多样性指数H’基本上都在1．50～2．00之间变化，各月Pielou均匀度指数J’均在0．80～1．00之间。各体长组Shannon-Weiner多样性指数H’变化较大，各体长组Pielou均匀度指数J’均在0．85～1．00之间。
Based on the data collected in the west-central Indian Ocean from September 2005 to December 2005 and December 2003 to May 2004, the paper analyzed feeding behaviors of bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus preliminarily. The results indicated that diet composition of Thunnus obesus included Loligo, Sardina, Scornber, Penaeus, Portunus trituberculatus, Alepisaurus, Brarna, Gernpylusr , Sepia o f f icinalis , Balistes, Sparus , Ph ysalia , Trachurus, and other fishes, in which Loligo （IRI= 50.84%）, Scornber （IRI= 17.70%）, Penaeus （IRI = 9.49%） are the main diets. The percentage of empty stomachs of T. obesus is high relatively, 52.2% and 47.7% were corresponded to male and female T. obesus respectively. Monthly fluctuation occurred in the diet compositions. Loligo was dominant in the diet of T. obesus monthly, the following were Scornber, Sardina, Penaeus, and Portunus trituberculatus. Significant monthly fluctuations occurred in mean weight and mean number of diet, similar tendency of fluctuation existed in mean weight and mean number of diet. Loligo existed in diet compositions to each fork length class and had a high proportion, Scornber, Sardina, Penaeus, and Portunus trituberculatus were also main diets. Significant fluctuations occurred in mean weight and mean number of diet of T. obesus to each fork length class, similar tendency of fluctuation existed in mean weight and mean number of diet of T. obesus to each fork length class. T. obesus, whose fork length range were in 110 - 140 cm, had a high predation rate. Monthly Shannon-Weiner diversity index H＇ and monthly Pielou evenness index J＇ of T. obesus fluctuated from 1.50 to 2.00 and from 0.80 to 1.00 respectively. Shannon-Weiner diversity index H＇ of T. obesus to each fork length class had a significant variation and Pielou evenness index J＇ fluctuated from 0.85 to 1.00.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期387-394,共8页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
上海市重点学科建设项目资助(T1101)
农业部渔业局渔业观察员项目(SFU06472)
上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金(B-8101-08-0022)
