摘要
荣昌猪是我国优良地方品种，巴马香猪和贵州小型香猪为我国独特小型猪品系。本研究采用美国猪基因组协作计划推荐的19个微卫星标记对荣昌猪、荣昌猪B系、巴马香猪、贵州小型香猪及外来猪种大白猪进行了遗传学检测和分析。结果表明：19个微卫星位点在群体中均表现为多态，每位点等位基因数10～23个。5个猪种中荣昌猪B系的遗传多样性最高，荣昌猪次之；2种小型猪的遗传多样性较低，其中巴马香猪的等位基因数（121个）略大于贵州小型香猪（114个），但其遗传多样性指数（平均期望杂合度0．6535±0．0347）小于贵州小型香猪（0．6919±0．0227），反映了巴马香猪较低的基因杂合度和较小的遗传变异；大白猪的遗传多样性最低。从品系的共有等位基因来看，荣昌猪B系基因背景组成中其亲本品系荣昌猪所占比例（30．22％）要大于大白猪（24．37％）；大白猪和其他4个猪群体的共享等位基因数均较低（21．24％～25．12％）；巴马香猪和贵州小型香猪之间共有等位基因数最高（45．06％）。采用基于遗传距离的NJ法和基于基因频率的最大似然法进行系统聚类，除了大白猪明显为独立分支及荣昌猪B系表现出较远的聚类关系外，其他3个猪种间的聚类有所不同。
Rongchang pig is a superior Chinese local breed, and both Bama Xiang pig and Guizhou Xiang pig are special Chinese miniature pigs, distinctive genetic resources in China. Nineteen microsatellite loci recommended by PigMap diversity studies were screened for Rongchang pig, line B of Rongchang pig, Bama miniature pig, Guizhou miniature pig and Largewhite pig. All loci were polymorphic and 10- 23 alleles were detected in these 5 breeds. The most genetic variations were detected in Line B of Rongchang pigs, followed by Rongchang pigs. Less genetic variations were detected in 2 miniature pig breeds. In addition, more alleles were detected in Bama miniature pigs （121） than in Guizhou miniature pigs （114）, but the mean expected heterozygosities were contrary, which suggest lower genetic heterozygosity and less genetic diversities in Bama miniature pigs. The least genetic variations were detected in Largewhite pigs. From shared alleles, Rongchang pig （30. 22% ） accounts more than Largewhite pig （24. 37 % ） for the genetic origin of Line B of Rongchang pig; less alleles were shared by Largewhite pig and other pig breeds （21.24%-25.12%） ; and the most alleles were shared by Bama miniature pigs and Guizhou miniature pigs. Genetic differentiation of genetic distance suggested by Fst and Nei were comparable. Phylogenetic tree derived from neighbor -joining was somewhat different with that derived from the maximum likelihood methods.
出处
《畜牧与兽医》
北大核心
2008年第3期5-9,共5页
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
国家“十五”重点科技攻关项目(2004BA717B-03)
重庆市自然科学基金重点项目(CSTC2005BA1009)
宗申医达生物技术研发有限公司资助
关键词
猪
小型猪
品种
微卫星
pig
miniature pig
breed
microsatellite
