摘要
对深圳地区观澜河清湖段水生生物与河岸带植被进行调查,结果表明该河段水体属于劣V类水质;浮游植物有16个属18个种,优势种为富营养化水体常见种蓝藻门的泽丝藻和硅藻门的星杆藻,浮游植物多样性指数为2.19;浮游动物仅检到北碚中剑水蚤、微型裸腹溞、旋轮虫,总丰度不超过0.01 ind./L;底栖动物仅有耐污种水丝蚓,种群密度为3 600 ind./m2;河岸植被群落以禾本科为主,乔、灌木、水生植被稀少。为恢复水生态系统结构和功能,提出如下对策:按照适宜水生动植物生存的水环境因子制定水净化目标,采取相应净化措施;按照适于底栖生物或其他生物附着的栖息地环境修复河床或护岸;以营造多样化栖息地为目的修复天然弯曲河流形态,并构建急流区、滞水区;人工种植水生植物重建生态系统食物链,并提出指示生物法以监测修复措施的有效性。通过水生态状况调查、水生态修复措施选择与工程实施过程生物监测可为水生态修复工程提供可操作性途径和范式。
An investigation was carried out at the Qinhu Channel,part of the Guanlan River, Shenzhen. It showed that the water quality was below level V according to the national standard of surface water quality. The dominant phytoplankton species are Limnothix redekei and Asterionella sp. The diversity index was 2. 19. Only three kinds of zooplankton were identified whose abundance was lower than 0. 01 ind./L. The zoobenthos species is Limnodrilus with 3 600 ind./m^2. Gramineae family was the most dominant vegetation while aquatic macrophyte was rare along the river bank. To restore the structure and function of aquatic ecosystem, the restoration technique will be used as follows： the natural water purification measures are to be used to re-create aquatic circumstances suitable for plants and fauna. Certain undamaged shores and river beds within the channel will be preserved and the lacunose ecological slope will be constructed in erosion zone to allow rapid recolonization by zoobenthos and so on. A meandering river with rapid zone and pool zones is to be restored to develop diversity bio-communities habitats. The producer of food chains will be rehabilitated in the aquatic ecosystem by planting aquatic macrophyte. This paper also proposed the biotic indicator monitoring method to estimate the successive effect of the restoration project. By means of preceding aquatic investigation, restoration measures and consequent biotic monitoring, a concrete process of the restoration project will be developed.
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2008年第5期57-61,共5页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
水利部重点科技推广项目(TG0301)
深圳市水务局科研项目(SJ2005215)
关键词
生态修复工程
浮游生物
底栖动物
指示生物
ecological restoration project
plankton
zoobenthos
biotic indicator
