摘要
1980～1985年在香港及邻近海区按季节进行8个航次的调查,对该海区的水化学环境有初步了解。维多利亚港水交换好,盐度较高,营养盐丰富,但水质污染明显,氧含量低于4.3mg/L.pH值约7.9。大鹏湾水质良好,但内湾受到不同程度污染。大鹏湾年平均盐度32,盐度年平均变化不到2,年平均水温约21.64℃,水温年平均变化约12℃。冬季和夏季初级生产力高,夏季海水分层,受粤东沿岸上升流影响,下层水低温高盐,而且氧含量低,最低可达2.9mg/L以下,pH值也低于8,对底栖生物造成影响。深圳湾盐度相对较低,夏季湾底盐度不到10,冬季盐度可达31以上,盐度年变化较大。深圳河污染严重,因而深圳湾的氧含量和pH值都较低。香港南部水域盐度较高,最高达34以上;夏季盐度的垂直梯度大,表层盐度最低时小于10;该水域氧含量最高,多处于过饱和状态,是高生产力的水域。在局部小范围水域,环境污染对水生生物造成威胁,而对大范围水域,自然界的变异(如珠江径流和上升流的强弱及时间变化等)是影响水生生物生长的主要因子。
From 1980 through 1985, investigation cruises around Hongkong and its adjacent sea area were seasonally conducted for 8 times. The chemical environment of concerned water area is primarily understood. In Victoria Harbour, water exchanges well and has higher value of salinity and abundant nutrients, but the water pollution is obvious, with oxygen content below 4.3mg/L and lower pH value. In the Dapeng Bay, water qualities are good but the inner bay suffers pollution to some extent, with annual average value of salinity around 32 and that of temperature around 22.66℃. In winter and summer, primary productivity within the Bay is high, owing to the upwelling's influence along the east coast of Guangdong Province. Down layer sees high salinity but low temperature and oxygen content. In the Senzhen Bay, salinity is relatively lower, even not up to 10 in summer and just over 31 in winter. Water pollution in the Shenzhen River is serious, leaving the Shenzhen Bay's values of oxygen and pH comparatively lower. Waters south of Hongkong has higher values of salinity, with maxmum over 34. The vertical gradient of salinity there is large in summer. The water is often saturated, with oxygen whose value tops the whole region surveyed, accompanied by high prouctivity. It suggests that for a small scope of waters, environmetal pollution imperils hydrobios,while for a large scape of waters, natural transformations such as the strength of runoff from the Pearl River and upwelling are main factors influencing the growth of hydrobios.
出处
《海洋通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第3期37-45,共9页
Marine Science Bulletin
