摘要
在查阅文献资料的基础上,对历史时期中国草原的开垦情况进行介绍,并将历史上垦殖草原的原因归纳为3点:1)为战争提供粮草或守卫边疆而进行的移民戍边,以秦代、汉代、明代为典型;2)为解决人口增长造成的粮食短缺而进行的垦殖,以唐代、清代为典型;3)为了获取经济利益而对草原进行开垦,以民国时期为典型。特别对秦、汉、唐、明、清、民国几个时期的草原垦殖情况进行论述,指出开垦对草原破坏严重,历史上这几次大规模的草原开垦,对草和生态造成的不良影响时至今日仍无法恢复。最后结合当代中国的草原现状,总结历史经验教训,应真正做到以史为鉴,合理开发和利用草原,科学地管理草原,正确处理好人口、资源与环境的相互关系,实现人与自然的和谐及社会的可持续发展。
The reasons of grassland reclamation of China during the historical period was summarized as follows according to literature review. 1） to provide food and feed for armies or guard the borderland, represented by Qin, Han and Ming Dynasty; 2） to solve the problem of food shortage due to population increase, represented by Tang and Qing Dynasty; 3） to obtain economic benefits, characterized by Minguo period. The bad effects caused by these large scale reclamations lasted till the present and could not be restored. Combing with the current situation, lessons were summarized. History should be used as mirror to correct mistakes, reasonably develop and utilize grassland, scientifically management the rangeland to achieve sustainable development of human being and the nature.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2008年第4期124-129,共6页
Pratacultural Science
关键词
草原
历史
垦殖
grassland
history
reclamation
