摘要
采用不同聚合工艺对5种聚酯或聚醚二元醇、4种二异氰酸酯与N-甲基二乙醇胺亲水扩链剂合成阳离子水性聚氨酯进行了研究.结果表明,多元醇中加入亲水扩链剂后再加入多异氰酸酯进行加成聚合的工艺有较好的适用性,可制备稳定的阳离子水性聚氨酯.在35℃下进行水分散所得阳离子聚氨酯的乳液性能和膜力学性能好于70℃水分散的聚氨酯,其中拉伸强度最大可提高3倍以上.对不同亲水扩链剂含量和硬段含量的阳离子水性聚氨酯的研究表明,硬段含量达到30%(ω)以上时,亲水扩链剂用量增加,乳液的粒径变小,稳定性增加,聚氨酯膜的拉伸强度提高.由热性能分析可知,硬段含量达40%(ω)以上时,水性阳离子聚氨酯膜中的软、硬段有序结构被破坏,而其玻璃化转变温度在15℃以上。
Water-borne cationic polyurethanes were synthesized by five polyesters and polyethers glycol, four diisocyanates and hydrophilic chain-extender, N-methyl diethanol amine, with different polymerization processes. The results showed that the addition polymerization process of the introduction of the diisocyanate into the mixture ofpolyol and hydrophilic chain-extender was appropriate, and the stable water-borne cationic polyurethane was prepared. The properties of cationic polyurethane emulsions and their films dispersed at 35 ℃ were better than that at 70℃. Especially, the tensile strength of the sample could be increased much more 3 times when the cationomer was dispersed in 35℃. The research results on the content of hydrophilic chain-extender and hard segment in cationic polyurethane indicated that the particle size of cationic polyurethane latex was decreased and the stability of the latex was augmented with increase of the addition of the hydrophilic chain-extender when the content of hard segment got to 30%（ω） upwards, and the tensile strength of the cationic polyurethane film was also increased. The thermal analysis of the cationic polyurethane elucidated that the ordered structures of the hard and soft segments in the cationic polyurethane film were destroyed when the content of hard segment reached up to 40%（ω）, and that the glass transition temperature of the cationic polyurethane film was more than 15 ℃.
出处
《过程工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期366-371,共6页
The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering
基金
上海市科委-联合利华研究与发展基金资助项目(编号:2005008)
关键词
阳离子水性聚氨酯
聚合工艺
热性能
water-borne cationic polyurethane
polymerization process
thermal property
