摘要
河蚬是一种具有很强环境适应能力的双壳类水生生物,它吸取周围环境介质中的元素,通过其软体的分泌作用形成其碳酸盐成分的壳体.因此河蚬壳体的化学组成应该反应环境介质的地球化学特征.贵阳南明河河蚬壳体中微量元素组成与河水污染状况的对比研究显示,随着河水水质的恶化,河蚬壳体中的Pb、Cd、Cu、Co、Fe、Mn含量升高,其中Pb的增升比率最大,达到285%,其次为Cd、Cu、Co、Fe和Mn,分别为127%、121%、84%、48%、和34%;相反地,Ni、Na、Zn则在污染较重河段的河蚬壳体中含量较低,其中Ni的降低比率最大,为63%,其次为Na和Zn,分别为18%和14%.这一初步研究结果证明了随着水质地球化学条件的改变,河蚬的确在调整着自己壳体的组成来适应外界环境的变化,其中Pb、Cd、Cu、Co、Fe、Mn等微量元素的含量变化与水质污染变化相一致,可以用来反应环境介质中的污染特征.
Corbiculafluminea （Mailer） is a freshwater bivalve mollusk of strong capability in environmental acclimation. It secretes carbonate shells by taking elements from ambient water. The chemistry of the shell, accordingly, should reflect the geochemistry of the environment. This is first confirmed by the study of trace element chemistry in C. fluminea from Namning River through Guiyang, Guizhou Province. Shells of C. fluminea from reaches with high water pollution display high concentration in Pb, which is enhanced to as high as 285% in comparison with the average concentration in those from the whole river. It is followed by Cd, Cu, Co, Fe and Mn, which are 127%, 121%, 84%, 48% and 34%, respectively. In contrast to the enhanced elements, Ni is reduced to 63%, followed by Na and Zn, which is 18%and 14%, respectively. Changes of the element concentration in response to the water pollution demonstrate that shell chemistry adjustment is a way C. fluminea uses to adapt the environment changes. Among the elements analyzed, rise and fall of Pb, Cd, Cu, Co, Fe and Mn correspond most to the change of water quality, thus can be used to indicate the pollution of the river.
出处
《贵州科学》
2008年第1期39-44,共6页
Guizhou Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(基金号:40403010)
关键词
微量元素
水污染
河蚬
软体动物壳体
南明河
trace element, water pollution, Corbiculafluminea, mollusk shell, Nanming River.
