摘要
目的了解广东省居民烫伤的流行特点,为开展居民烫伤预防干预提供依据。方法采用4阶段分层随机整群抽样方法抽取大城市、中小城市、1类农村和2类农村各3个县区的居民进行调查,调查其烫伤发生情况,其中0￣6岁儿童由父母回答,小学生在调查员和老师的指导下完成,初中学历及以上者自填,18岁以上的居民面对面询问调查。结果共调查18510名居民,其中291人发生烫伤,占总伤害例数的7.2%,烫伤发生率为1.6%,标化率为1.5%;女性烫伤发生率(1.7%)高于男性(1.4%)(P<0.05);各年龄组的烫伤发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中0～4岁和5～14岁儿童较高(分别为2.3%、2.5%),分别占总烫伤人数的6.5%、37.8%。手指或脚趾是烫伤最常见的部位,占46.9%,其中0～4岁幼儿烫伤以头颈部为多,占31.0%,5～14岁儿童手指或脚趾为主要烫伤部位,占33.6%;81.1%的烫伤发生在家里,尤其5岁以下婴幼儿全部在家里被烫伤;烫伤主要发生在做家务(25.0%)、工作(15.3%)、娱乐活动(14.7%)和体育活动(13.7%)时,其中0～4岁和5～14岁儿童主要以娱乐活动时为主,分别为63.4%和26.5%。86.9%的烫伤是由于自己不小心造成的。97.3%的烫伤是轻度伤,不需要住院治疗。伤后处理主要为自己或他人处理(78.2%)。结论0～14岁儿童是广东省居民烫伤发生的高危人群,是干预的重点对象。
Objective To examine the characteristics of scald injury among residents in Guangdong province and provide information for intervention. Methods A four stage stratified clustering sample, of 3 areas in each large, moderate and small city and Ⅰ, Ⅱ type rural region, was randomly selected to survey injury information. 0-6 years children were answered by their parents, primary school students administered by teachers and investigators, high school students finished by themselves and adults 〉18 interviewed by face-to-face. Results 291 of 18 510 residents reported scald injury, accounted for 7.2% of total injury, with occurrence rate and adjusted rate 1.6% and 1.5% respectively, which was significantly higher in female （1.7%） than male （1.4%）（P〈0.05）. Different age groups found significantly differences of scald occurrence （P〈O.05）, with 0-4 and 5-14 age group observed the highest occurrence （2.3%,2.5%）, acdounted for 6.5% and 37.8% of total scald injury. The frequent scalded part was in finger or toe （46.9%）, with 0-4 age group mainly in head or neck （31.0%）, 5-14 age mainly in fingers or toes （33.6%）. 81.1% scalds happened at home, especially for babies and infants below 5 years old. It occurred at the time of doing houseworks （25.0%）, working （15.3%）, recreational activities （14.7%） and sports （13.7%）. 86.9% were caused by carelessness. 97.3% were mild and needed no hospital admission . Scald injury was treated by oneself or others （78.2%）. Conclusion Children aged 0-14 were the highest risk group of scald injury and needed intervention.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2008年第1期6-9,共4页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
广东省科技厅重大攻关项目(2002B31002)
关键词
烫伤
流行病学研究
Scald
Epidemiologic studies
