摘要
[目的]研究秸秆覆盖免耕条件下土壤温度的动态变化。[方法]设置常规耕作、秸秆还田和秸秆覆盖免耕3种处理,研究河西内陆河灌区作物生育期土壤温度的动态变化。[结果]8:00时3种耕作方式土壤温度相差不大。14:00时土壤温度增速最明显,覆盖免耕的土壤温度变化较其他两种方式平缓,秸秆的覆盖降温作用在作物生育中前期表现明显,后期减弱。20:00时覆盖免耕的土壤积温分别比常规耕作和秸秆还田小134.31、61.4℃。3种耕作方式的土壤温度差值随土壤深度的增加而减小,降温过程中的差值较增温过程的小。作物生育早期常规耕作和秸秆还田的土壤温度变化剧烈;降温天气覆盖免耕的增温和降温分别为7.42、.4℃,增温天气增温和降温则为13.6、12.7℃。[结论]秸秆覆盖免耕依据气温和作物生育期表现出不同的调温效应,减缓和抑平了土壤时间和空间温度的变化,所产生的"增温效应"和"降温效应"在土壤表层表现突出。
[ Objective ] The purpose was to study the dynamic change of soil temperature under the condition of no-tillage with straw cover, [ Method] 3 treatments of conventional cultivation, returning straw into the field and no-tillage with straw cover were set up to study the dynamic change of soil temper ature in Hexi corridor irrigation region during growth period of crops. [Result] Tne soil temperatures of 3 cultivation modes had little difference at 8：00 am. Tne increase speed of soil temperature was most significantly at 14：00, and that in the treatment of no-tillage with straw cover increased most significantly was slower than that in the treatments of the other 2 modes. The cooling effect by covering of straw showed obviously in the early and middle growth period and weakened in the anaphase. Tne accumulated soil temperature in the treatment of no-tillage with straw cover was 134.3 and 161.4℃ lower than that in the treatment of conventional cultivation and returning straw into the field, resp. Tne difference values of soil temperature among 3 cultivation modes reduced along with the increment of soil depth and that in cooling process was smaller than that in wanning process. Tne soil temperatures in the treatment of conventional cultivation and returning straw into the field changed acutely in the early growth period of crops. Tne increased and decreased temperatures in the treatment of no-tillage with straw cover in cooling weather were 7.4 and 2.4℃ resp. and that in warming weather were 13.6 and 12.7℃ resp. [Conclusion] No-tillage with straw cover showed different temperature adjusting effects according to air temperature and growth period of crops, slowed and restrained the temporal and special changes of soil temperature and the ＂warming effect＂ and ＂cooling effect＂ occurred obviously in soil surface layer.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第3期1128-1129,1132,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2002-AA2-Z4191)
甘肃省省长基金项目(RS015-A41-006)
关键词
秸秆覆盖免耕
土壤温度
调温效应
No-tillage with straw cover
Soil temperature
Temperature adjusting effect
