摘要
为了检测我国葡萄品种和砧木对中国生态型葡萄根瘤蚜Daktulosphaira viticola（Fitch）的抗性,在实验室条件下采用离体根接种法鉴定了10个葡萄砧木、18个葡萄栽培品种,测定了根瘤蚜存活率、发育历期、产卵量、种群龄期结构指数和成虫大小等指标。结果表明：砧木品种SO4,5BB,1103P,420A,Lot,101-14MG,3309C,140Ru和110R抗根瘤蚜,接种后蚜虫陆续死亡,尤其是SO4,5BB,1103P和420A对根瘤蚜高抗,使根瘤蚜滞育仅发育至1龄。我国当作砧木使用的贝达不抗根瘤蚜,接种后蚜虫存活率始终保持在38.82%-47.5%,日产卵量达9.01;欧美杂交种中的康克、康拜尔和卡它巴对根瘤蚜稍有抗性,根瘤蚜日产卵量在6.00-6.85粒之间,其中康克、康拜尔葡萄上蚜虫的存活率随时间的延长而明显降低,由最初的60%下降至25%-30%;欧美杂交种中的黑虎香和白香蕉虽然在一定程度上能够限制根瘤蚜的存活和发育进程,但对根瘤蚜的繁殖量没有影响。所有供试欧亚种和欧美杂交种的栽培品种都对根瘤蚜高度敏感,接种后第29d蚜虫存活率仍保持在40%-60%,且前后变化较小,日产卵量变化于7-12.35粒之间,总产卵量均在190粒以上。由此可见,我国供试栽培品种均不抗根瘤蚜,在根瘤蚜疫区需要用抗性砧木嫁接苗建园。
In this study, laboratory bioassays were carried out for rapid initial evaluation on the resistance of 10 grape rootstocks and 18 cultivars to Chinese biotypes of grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira viticola （Fitch）. The survival ratio, developmental duration, egg number and index for population age constitution were evaluated. The results showed that rootstocks including SO4, 5BB, 1103P, 420A, Lot, 101-14MG, 3309C, 140Ru and 110R were resistant to phylloxera. On highly resistant rootstocks SO4, 5BB, 1103P and 420A, the development of phylloxera arrested at the very early stage. Beta frequently used as rootstock in China was susceptible to phylloxera. Phylloxera survived at 38.82% -47.5% and produced 9.01 eggs per day on Beta, while the corresponding values were 25 % - 30 % on concord and compbell and 6.00 - 6.85 eggs per day on concord, campbell and catawba. Both Hei Huxiang and White Banana of Vitis vinifera - V. amerancain were susceptible to phylloxera, on which phylloxera yielded more than 190 eggs totally despite their survival was down-regulated and development arrested to some extent. All V. vinifera and cross cuhivars of V. vinifera - V. amerancain tested were highly susceptible, on which phylloxera survival rate remained 40 % - 60 % in 29 days after inoculation, and relatively stable thereafter. In parallel, phylloxera produced 7 - 12.35 eggs per day and summed up to the total of 190 eggs. It was concluded that all cuhivars tested were susceptible to grape phylloxera, and thus resistant rootstocks were necessary in the phylloxera epidemic region.
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期33-39,共7页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
农业部2006年病虫害疫情监测与防治项目
2007年公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(nyhyzx07-27)
关键词
葡萄根瘤蚜
葡萄品种
砧木
抗性
Grape phylloxera
grape cultivars
rootstocks
resistance
