摘要
生态安全是人类生存与发展的最基本的"安全场域",生态安全维护的关键是确立超越人类中心主义的"绿色正义"观,并以此为基础倡导"生态球权"大于"主权"、"绿色球籍"重于"国籍"的理念,建构相关的国际机制,超越安全与发展相冲突的两难困境,推行绿色政治、绿色经济和绿色生活,逐步实现全球绿色治理。
Ecological security is fundamental for human existence and development. ＂Green justice＂ is the base of eco-security maintenance, which determines what is to be protected, who would play the key role in this process, and what the protection mechanisms are. Furthermore, ＂green justice＂ is an idea that promotes peaceful coexistence with nature and government policies conducive to protecting the environment.
Green justice promotes changes on two important dimensions： from ＂national＂ to ＂global＂ level, and from ＂anthropocentric＂ perspective to ＂coexistence with nonhuman species＂. These two transformations, in turn, create two conflicts, between development and security, and between national development and global security. The concern over national sovereignty has become the main obstacle to promoting global green governance. In a sense, a country might either not care about global green existence outside of its territorial boundaries, or it might not have the ability or resources to promote green politics.
Two dimensions of social justice： ＂distribution justice＂ and ＂participation justice＂, are useful in addressing this conflict of interest. The former stresses how to distribute profits and costs by means of institutions, while the latter emphasizes who will participate and benefit from the practices of green existence.
Construction of international institutions and establishment of appropriate regulations are key to establishing the global green existence. These international institutions are divided into two types： inter-governmental organizations connected to the United Nations, and inter-nongovernmental organization, such as Green Peace.
However, the domestic and international political frameworks limit the scope of the ＂green existence＂. Thus, to undertake global green governance effectively, we should persist on cultivating ＂eco-security culture＂ with ＂green justice＂ principles, while promoting and practicing ＂green politics＂, ＂green economics＂ and environmental-friendly daily existence, both domestically and internationally.
出处
《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2008年第1期22-28,共7页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences
基金
中国社会科学院福特基金会资助项目(105000-T20601)
关键词
全球绿色治理
绿色正义
生态安全维护
global green governance
green justice
eco-security maintenance
