摘要
在地理分布重叠地区的大山雀Parus major和褐头山雀Parus montanus栖息地海拔高度不同。大山雀栖于海拔2,370米以下,集中于次生杨桦林和老年人工杨树林;褐头山雀栖于海拔2,300米以上,集中于混交林和山杨栎林。它们的栖息地有一定重叠,但重叠值较低。重叠地带觅食生态位的四维中,树种选择一维有所不同,其余三维生态位重叠值均较大。两个种营养生态位有一定重叠,食物大小的重叠值更大。在进化发展过程中,两种山雀间完全的生态分离没有发生。
The investigation of interspecific relationship between the Great Tit Parus major and Willow Tit Parus montanus was carried out at the Qilian Mountain, from April to Juny of 1984, from May to June of 1985 and at the Xinglong Mountain from March to May of 1986 in Province Gansu, The, paper deals with the interspecific relationship between the Great Tit and Willow Tit in the selection of habitat, foraging niches and the analysis of food. In the overlap areas of geographic distribution, overlap value of niche between the Great Tit and the Willow Tit is lower in the altitude of habitat. The Great Tit habits at an altitude of below 2,370m, and prefering chiefly to aspen-birch community and artificial old-age popular community, but the Willow Tit habits at an altitude of over 2,300m, prefering more greatly to the mixed community and mountain aspen-oak community. There are certain overlap in their habitats, but the overlap value is lower. In the o,overlap among 4 dimensions of foraging niches between two species of tit, there is lower overlap value of niche is the dimensions selecting the kinds of trees, but the overlap value of niches is all greater in the others. Between two species of tit there is certain overlaps in the trophic niche, and overlap value of size of food is more great. In the course of evolution and development, through ecological separation between two species does not take place.
关键词
大山雀
褐头山雀
栖息地
种间关系
Graet Tit, Willow Tit, Habitat, Niche, Interspecific relationship.
