摘要
本文首次介绍了凹纹胡蜂Vespa velutina auraria Smith与黑尾胡蜂V.tropica ducalis Smith在实验室内饲养和自然条件下的生物学习性观察情况。结果表明,两种胡蜂在室内温度14—25℃,相对湿度43—89％条件下完成一代发育所需时间为33—53天,其中卵期9—15天,幼虫期10—18天,蛹期15一20天,全年可发生三代。工蜂寿命为24—142天,雄蜂4—60天。 凹纹胡蜂可在人工控制条件下越冬和自行营巢。 两种胡蜂的主要天敌是蜂蝙科Stylopidae和寄绳科Tachinidae昆虫。
The present paper deals with the biology of wasps Vespa velutina auraria Smith, V. tropica ducalis Smith. In Kunming they could have three generations a year and overwinters in the holes of trees and soil. These Wasps complete their life cycle in laboratory at 14-25 ℃, the relative humidity at 43-89 % between 33-53 days, in which the egg stage 9 -15 days, the larval stage 10-18 days, and pupal stage 15-20 days. The longivity of workers is 24-142 days, and 4-60 clays for males.
The queens emerge in March and ncst-building in April-May. They only do two times of ncst-building in their life cycler, first, is beneath soil surlace, usually in abandoned rodent burrow, second, on the tree, but for somes, their life-cycles and all within the soil. Nests are typically built in the spring by a single female. The first offspring are all workers, mating of the new queen with the males in October-November, and then the inseminated queens hibernate in the last ten-days of November.
The Wasps could build their nests under the control of artificial conditions.
Their important natural enemies are the parasites, Stylopidac and Tachi-nidae.
关键词
凹纹胡蜂
黑尾胡蜂
生物学
Vespa velutina auraria Smith, Vespa tropica ducalis Smith, Biology
