摘要
本文对白洋淀和太湖地区鸟类绦虫区系进行了比较研究,并对太湖鸟类绦虫区系作了初步分析。结果表明,鸟类绦虫区系分布与宿主区系分布密切相关,亲缘关系相近的宿主有许多相同的或亲缘相近的绦虫,这种现象为研究宿主与寄生虫的演化提供了可靠途径;发现鸟的越冬地绦虫种类比迁徙地种类丰富,分析其原因,除温、湿度、中间宿主等生态条件之外,与鸟的迁徙有一定关系。太湖地区的绦虫具有北方型和随遇型,亦有世界性种类和东半球广布种,提出了两地区家禽和野生鸟类所寄生的共同种类的绦虫。
This paper deals with a preliminary analysis on the cestodofauna of birds from Bai-Yang-Dien Lake, Hebei Province and Tai-Hu Lake, Jiangsu Province, China. Some conclusions are drawn as follows.
1. There is a close relationship between the faunal distribution of the cestodes of birds and that of their hosts, since quite a number of cestodes show higher host-specificity.
2. Kinds of hosts having nearer relation are parasitized by the same kinds of cestodes or kinds of cestodes having nearer relation. Based on this fact, we supposed that the host affinity can be demonstrated according to the hosts having same species of cestodes or having sibling species of cestodes. On the contrary, we can also infer the evolutionary advance of the cestodes form the evolution of their hosts accordingly.
3. Comparisons arc made of the cestodofauna of birds of the order Anse-riformcs collected from the two regions-Bai-Yang-Dien Lake and Tai-Hu Lake. The results show that kinds of cestodes of birds at the overwintering area (Tai-Hu Lake) are much more in number than those in the migratory area (Bai-Yang-Dien Lake).
4. In Tai-Hu area there are 20 species of cestodes of birds, 8 species of them are northern form, 11 species are stochastical form, and one remains undecided. Geographical distribution of the cestodes of birds in this area indicates that 4 species are local kinds, 4 species are cosmopolitan, and one is widespread species in the Eastern Hemisphere.
关键词
绦虫区系
鸟类
越冬地
迁徒地
Cestodofauna, Host-specificity, Overwintering area, Migratory area
