摘要
目的了解本院临床分离细菌和念珠菌的分布特征和耐药谱,为合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法大多数分离细菌的鉴定和药敏试验利用BD Phoenix仪,少数利用手工鉴定和K-B法。念珠菌利用显色平板分离和鉴定,K-B法药敏。数据分析用WHONET5.4软件。结果5504株细菌念珠菌中前6位为铜绿假单胞菌12.0%、大肠埃希菌9.7%、白色念珠菌8.7%、金黄色葡萄球菌6.9%、肺炎克雷伯菌6.8%、表皮葡萄球菌6.5%。G-杆菌中耐药率较低的为美洛培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、亚安培南、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、阿米卡星和头孢吡肟。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的检出率为44.6%和40.1%。G+球菌耐药率较低的为万古霉素、替考拉宁、呋喃妥因、阿米卡星、氯霉素和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦。金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌和腐生葡萄球菌甲氧西林耐药性分别为55.9%、43.8%、48.2%和41.7%。念珠菌对两性霉素B和制菌霉素的耐药率均低于1.1%。结论本院临床分离肠杆菌科产ESBLs水平、非发酵菌多重耐药率和葡萄球菌甲氧西林耐药率居高不下,应加强抗生素的合理使用。
Objective To investigate distribution and drug resistance spectnm of clinical bacterial and candida isolates in local region for using antibiotic reasonably. Methods Most bacteria isolates were identified by BD Phoenix, a few were identified by hand work and K-B method. Candida isolates were identified by color display plate and by K-B method. WHONET5 was applied for analysis.Results The common isolates in 5504 strains were P. aeruginosa （12.0%）,E.coli （9.7%）,C.albicans （8.7%）,S.aureu （6.9%）, K. pneumoniae （6.8%）, S. epidermidis （6.5%）. In gram negative isolates, lower resistant rate of antibiotics were Meraopenem, Cefoperazone/Sulbactam, Imipenem, Pineracillin/Tazobactam, Ceftazidime, Amikacin, and Cefepime. Th incidences of E. celi and K. pneumoniae isolates producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase （ESBLs） were 44.6% and 40. 1% respectively. In gram positive isolates, lower resistant rate of antibiotics were Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin, Chloramphenicol, and Cefoperazone/Sulbactam. The metheciUin resistant rates of S. aureu, S. epidermidis, S. liaemolyticus and S. saprophyticus were 55. 9 %, 43.8 % ,48.2%, and 41.7 % respectively. In Candida isolates, resistant rates of Amphotericin B and Nystain were below 1.1%. Conclusion The production ratio of ESBLs, muhi-drug resistanceof nonfenmenters and metheciUin resistance of staphylococcus in local region were high. It is important to promote the rational use of antimicrobial agents.
出处
《中国实验诊断学》
2007年第12期1651-1654,共4页
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Diagnosis
关键词
细菌
耐药
超广谱Β-内酰胺酶
甲氧西林抗菌性
Bacteria
Drug resistance
Extended spectrum beta-lactamases
Methicillin resistance
