摘要
【目的】探讨纵隔囊肿的影像学特征、优选影像学检查方法。【方法】回顾性分析纵隔囊肿38例的影像学表现,包括胸腺囊肿2例,囊性畸胎瘤15例,支气管囊肿9例,心包囊肿7例,食管囊肿2例,囊状淋管瘤3例。全部病例均有胸部正侧位片,29例进行了CT检查,1例进行了MRI检查。【结果】根据出现"典型胸膜外征"明确囊肿位于纵隔;根据密度特征、"相互挤压征"、囊内容物不强化明确囊性特征;再根据囊肿所在位置、伴随改变等进行分类诊断。并指出出现"非典型胸膜外征"与"沟征"是引起胸部平片误诊的原因之一;囊肿位于不典型位置、壁厚与囊肿CT高密度是CT误诊的主要原因。【结论】仔细分析纵隔囊肿的影像学特点,提高对不同类型囊肿不典型表现的认识是正确诊断的关键。胸部平片仍是纵隔囊肿的首选检查方法,而CT与MRI是发现病灶、病灶定位诊断、分类诊断与定性诊断的最佳方法。
[Objective]To investigate the imaging features of mediastinal cyst, and optimize imaging methods. [Methods] The imaging features of 38 cases of mediastinal cyst, including 2 cases of thymic cysts, 15 cases of cystic teratoma, 9 cases of bronchogenic cysts, 7 cases of pericardial cysts, 2 cases of esophageal cysts, 3 cases of cystic lymphangioma, were retrospectively analyzed. All cases underwent lateral chest films, 29 of which underwent CT scan, and one case underwent MRI. [Results] ＂Typical extrapleural sign＂ showed that cysts located in the mediastinum. The density , ＂mutual squeeze sign＂ and the contents of the capsule could not enhance cystic features. Diagnosis and classification were done based on the location of cysts and accompanied changes. ＂Atypical extrapleural sign＂ as well as ＂Ditch sign＂ was one of the reasons of misdiagnosis by chest X-ray. Location of the cyst was not typical. The thickness of cyst wall and high density of cyst in CT images were the main reasons for misdiagnosis. [Conclusion] Careful analysis of imaging characteristics of mediastinal cyst and awareness of different manifestations of different types of cysts are the key to the correct diagnosis. Chest X-ray of mediastinal cyst is still the preferred method, but CT and MRI are the best way of the detection of lesions , location, classification and qualitation diagnosis.
出处
《医学临床研究》
CAS
2007年第11期1938-1940,共3页
Journal of Clinical Research
