摘要
研究了在采用种子乳液聚合法合成具有核／壳结构的改性硅橡胶微粒过程中，作为种子的纯硅橡胶微粒的交联度及其乙烯基含量、表面活性剂种类及其使用浓度，作为形成壳层材料的烯类单体的种类及其用量、以及反应时间和反应温度等因素对生成目的产物的影响。实验结果表明，要得到结构稳定、易分散的具有核／壳结构的改性硅橡胶微粒，需要具有一定交联度和一定数量的乙烯基基团的硅橡胶微粒作为种子，并选用由非离子型表面活性剂和阴离子型表面活性剂组成的复合乳化体系，选用其均聚物具有较高玻璃化温度的烯类单体作为形成壳层的材料，其用量与有机硅部分的用量相当；反应温度５０～９５℃，反应时间大于７ｈ。
In the preparation of modified silicone rubber microparticles with core/shell structure by seed emulsion polymerization, the effects of the degree of crosslinking of the pure silicone rubber, use as seed, the vinyl content, the type and concentration of surfactant, the type and content of alkene monomer, used as the matrix material for shell, as well as the reaction time and temperature on the prepared product were studied in this paper. The results showed to prepare the modified silicone rubber microparticles with core/shell structure and stable structure and easy dispersibility, silicone rubber microparticle with proper degree of crosslinking and certain amount of vinyl groups should be used as seed, and the mixed emulsion systems of non-ionic and anionic surfactants should be used; the alkene monomer, the polymer of which had higher glass temperature, should be used as matrix material for shell, and the content of the monomer should be in proportion to that of the silicone rubber; the reaction temperature should be 50￣95 ℃, and the reaction time better to be 7 h.
关键词
核壳结构
改性
有机硅
硅橡胶
改性
core/shell structure modification silcone seed microparticle alkene monomer
