摘要
目的了解人群主要健康指标和死因谱的变化趋势,找出居民面临的主要卫生问题。方法用卫生部专用死亡统计软件对2000-2005年全人群死亡监测资料相关信息,包括各种死亡相关健康评价指标及就诊就医信息进行分析,其中根本死因分类以国际疾病分类作为分类标准。结果人群期望寿命呈上升趋势,城市居民期望寿命由74.93岁上升到77.57岁,上升了2.64岁;农村居民由71.29岁上升到76.17岁,上升了4.88岁。婴儿死亡率呈下降趋势,由11.20‰下降到6.93‰。传染病和寄生虫病死亡率由9.39/10万下降到了5.43/10万。人群根本死亡原因以慢性病和伤害为主。城市肿瘤已由第3位死亡原因上升为第1位死亡原因;农村循环系统疾病和肿瘤呈上升趋势且死亡率较高。2005年死亡人群中未就诊比例由2000年的6.22%上升到了12.42%。结论近年人群的健康状况得到了改善和提高,但死因谱发生变化,慢病和伤害控制,农村卫生和就医看病难等是当前的主要卫生问题。
Objective To observe the trend in change of major health indicators and death cause spectrum in the population,and find out the major health problem faced by the resident.Method The death cause statistical analysis software designated by the Ministry of Public Health was used to analyze the death cause surveillance data in the whole population from 2000 to 2005,including all kinds of health indicators related to death and clinic visit information.And the classification of underlying death cause was based on International Classification of Disease（ICD）.Results The population＇s expectation of life showed an increase trend.Urban resident＇s life expectance at birth increased to 77.57 years from 74.93 years,and rural resident＇s life expectance at birth increased to 76.17 years from 71.29 years.Infant mortality showed a decrease trend（from 11.20‰ to 6.93‰）.The mortality of communicable diseases and parasitic diseases showed a decrease trend,which decreased to 5.43/105 from 9.39/105.The underlying death causes in the population were chronic diseases and injury.Meanwhile,the death cause spectrum was undergoing some change,which was more obvious in urban area.In urban area,cancer has become the first leading cause of death from the third leading cause,and in rural area,the morbidity of some major diseases（such as circulatory system disease）and cancer showed an increase trend,and the mortality related was high.In 2005,the proportion of people who died without seeking medical service increased to 12.42% from 6.22% in 2000.Conclusion the people＇s health status has been improved in recent years,and new problems has also appeared.The gradual change of death cause spectrum,chronic diseases and injury control,rural area hygiene and difficulty in seeking medical service are the major health problems of today.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2007年第5期525-527,共3页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
死亡原因
期望寿命
死亡谱
Death cause
Life expectance
Death cause spectrum
