摘要
自然语言(或日常语言)是自然形成的符号系统,不可能是完备的,但自然语言是最初始的元语言,认识活动不可能绕开自然语言。哲学需要一种建立在自然语言基础上的元语言。语言哲学不应该仅仅局限于对哲学命题的解构分析,更应该展开元语言的建构分析,即通过转换等语言结构分析程序建构出反映认识范畴的表达式。比如概念分类和整体切分作为不同的认识范畴,通过日常语言学派的词语用法分析不容易区分开,通过转换分析建构出表达式,可以有效地得到区分,相关的外延扩大和限制问题也能得到解释。语言哲学建构分析既要预先关注哲学中的认识范畴,也需要掌握语言结构分析程序。语言哲学和语言学应该有更深层次的结合。
Natural languages(ordinary languages),evolved in natural ways,are not perfect systems of signs.However,natural languages are most primitive metalanguages.Epistemology can not surpass natural languages.Philosophy needs a metalanguage based on natural languages.Instead of limiting itself to deconstructional analysis of philosophy propositions,language philosophy should proceed with tranformational analysis of natural language to construct expressions of knowledge categories.Division and cutting which are not easy to tell from each other by usage of words can be distinguished efficiently by an expression constructed by transformations.The expansion of the extension can also be explained by the expression.The constructional analysis of language philosophy needs concern the knowledge categories in advance in one hand and grasp the procedure of language structure analysis.Language philosophy and linguistics should cooperate more deeply.
出处
《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第6期94-102,共9页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
教育部基地重大课题(项目批准号:2006JDXM007)
关键词
语言哲学
转换分析
建构
表达式
language philosophy
transformation
constructional analysis
expression
