摘要
在家庭伦理层面上,孔子孝论注重父子自然亲情,倡导子女人格平等,父义则从,父不义则谏;主张以义辅亲,"以正致谏"。孔子、曾子"以正致谏"的谏亲原则被孟子完全地移植到社会政治伦理中,泛伦理化的倾向有增无减。孟子"君臣相责以善"的"善"之内涵当为仁义,即以仁义这一最高价值理性衡评君臣之间关系。"君臣相责以善"施行的前提是将君臣关系重新论证为以德相交的"友",而非传统意义上的以势利相交,"返祖"化现象的背后是为其民本主义政治立场张目。但是,必须指出的是,孟子"父子不责善"思想已经有别于孔子、曾子与子思在家庭伦理语境中倡导的以义辅亲的伦理精神。
In family ethic,the ＂xiao＂ （filial piety） theory of Confucius stresses the natural affection between father and son, advocating the equality of children＇s personality. The children follow the father if he is right, disobey him if he is not. It claims that i ustice can a,ssist affection, ＂expostulation with i ustiee＂, but the theory of ＂expostulation with i ustice＇of Confucius and Zengzi was thoroughly transplanted to the social political ethic by Mengzi,increasing the tendency of pan-ethic. The meaning of ＂kindness＂ in ＂kindness is asked in the relationship between king and minister＂ was beneficence and justice which was used to scale the relationship between king and minister as a superior valuable sense. The precondition of the implementation of ＂kindness is asked in the relationship between the king and minister＂ was to demonstrate the relationship between the king and minister as ＂friend＂ in ＂communication with virtue＂ but not ＂communication with snobbery＂. The essence under the phenomena of ＂reversion＂ was to sustain the political standpoint of the people-oriented principle. What must be pointed out was that the ＂no asking for kindness between father and son＂ thinking of Mengzi was different from the ethical spirit of ＂assisting affection with justice＂ advocated in the condition of family ethic by Confucius,Zengzi and Zisi. So the proposition of ＂no asking for kindness in the relationship between father and son＂ was not a progress of philosophy and ethics in the course of ideological history of Confucianism.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第11期29-36,共8页
Journal of Historical Science
基金
山东省"泰山学者"项目专项经费的资助
关键词
孝
以正致谏
父子不责善
君臣相责以善
xiao（filial piety）
expostulation with justice
no asking for kindness between father and son
kindness is asked in the relationship between king and his ministers
