摘要
根据1958年通过的《领海及毗连区公约》和1982年通过的《联合国海洋法公约》确立的领海制度,沿海国在其领海内享有专属捕鱼权。在20世纪80年代以前,经过国际社会的长期讨论与实践,传统捕鱼权得到了多数沿海国的认可与尊重,即沿海国在其专属渔区或管辖范围内拥有优先权,而其他国家在其国民长期以来惯常捕鱼的区域享有继续捕鱼的权利。但是,1982年《联合国海洋法公约》确立的专属经济区制度却否定了其他国家的国民在沿海国专属渔区或管辖范围内享有的传统捕鱼权。鉴于传统捕鱼权在专属经济区中的地位,当我国与有关国家进行东、黄海海域划界时,应强调地质、地貌、海岸线的长度、渔业资源的合理保护和对渔业资源的公平利用等,特别是经济因素,以争取合理的利益。
In the light of the territorial sea system established by Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone signed in 1958 and United Nations convention on the law of the sea signed in 1982, coastal states enjoy the exclusive fishing rights in their territorial sea. Before 1980s, traditional fishing rights were confirmed by most of coastal states after the long discussion and practice in the world. In other words, although coastal states enjoy preferential rights in their exclusive fishing zones or other zones under their jurisdiction, other states still enjoy fishing rights in the above zones because their nationals were accustomed to fishing in the past long time. However, the exclusive economic zone system established by United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea disconfirms the traditional fishing rights. In consideration of status of the traditional fishing rights in the exclusive economic zone system, when delimiting the maritime boundaries with relevant states in East China Sea and Yellow Sea, China should stress the following main factors in order to strive for gains as much as possible, such as geology, geography, length of coastal line, reasonable reservation of fishery resources, equal exploitation to fishery resources, especially stresseconomic impacts on China.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第6期792-797,共6页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
上海市重点学科(第二期)-渔业经济与管理开放基金(T1103)
关键词
传统捕鱼权
专属渔区
专属经济区
海域划界
traditional fishing rights
exclusive fishing zone
exclusive economic zone（EEZ）
delimitation of maritime boundary
