摘要
根据１９９３年在英国Ｒｅａｄｉｎｇ大学Ｓｏｎｎｉｎｇ农场进行的试验，对直接测定土壤蒸发的ｍｉｃｒｏ－ｌｙｓｉｍｅｔｅｒ的应用进行了评价。结果表明，砂土蒸发呈阶段性特征，蒸发与表层土壤含水量有很好的相关性，因此可用表层土壤含水量来推测土壤蒸发。同时用ＳＷＥＡＴ模型模拟土壤蒸发、土壤水分和土壤温度，用土壤的水文特征常数和气象资料作为输入。模拟数据与同期用ｍｉｃｒｏ－ｌｙｓｉｍｅｔｅｒ测定的数据相比较，测定期间１８ｄ的累积蒸发量相差在０．７ｍｍ以内，０～２３ｃｍ剖面上的土壤贮水相差在４ｍｍ之内，但模拟的土壤温度比实测偏高，特别在清晨。可以认为ｍｉｃｒｏ－ｌｙｓｉｍｅｔｅｒ法是测定土壤蒸发的一种有效方法，ＳＷＥＡＴ模型可以精确地模拟裸土土壤蒸发速率和土壤湿度剖面。
An experiment was carried out in 1993 in Sonning Farm, Reading University, UK to evaluate the use of micro lysimeter method for direct measurements of evaporation from a sand soil. A good relation between evaporation and water content of topsoil and the topsoil water content could be used to infer soil evaporation. A numerical model SWEAT was used to simulate evaporation, soil water, and soil temperature and the hydrological characteristics of soil and time dependent weather data were used as input. The difference between the simulated cumulative evaporation and that measured using micro lysimeter in 18 days was less than 0.7mm. The difference of stored water in the profile of 0￣23cm between simulation and measurement was less than 4mm. It was concluded that micro lysimeter is an effective way to measure soil evaporation except rainy days. SWEAT mode can be used to simulate bare soil evaporation rate accurately and the water content profiles.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
1997年第4期29-35,共7页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
土壤蒸发
土壤温度
土壤湿度
砂土
Soil evaporation
Micro lysimeter, SWEAT model
Soil water and temperature
