2Chumpathong S,Santawat U,Saunya P,et al.Comparison of different doses of epidural morphine for pain relief following cesarean section.J Med Assoc Thai,2002,85:956-962.
5Casati A, Santorsola R, Aldegheri G, et al. Intraoperative epidural anesthesia and postoperative analgesia with levobupivaeaine for major orthopedic surgery : a double-blind,randomized comparison of raeemie bupivaeaine and ropivaeaine. J Clin Anesth,2003,15:126-131.
6Schug SA, Scott DA, Payne J, et al. Postoperative analgesia by continuous extradural infusion of ropivacaine after upper abdominal surgery. Br J Anaesth,1996,76:487-491.
7Steinberg RB, Liu SS, Wu CL, et al. Comparison of ropivacainefentanyl patient-controlled epidural analgesia with morphine intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for perioperative analgesia and recovery after open colon surgery. J Clin Anesth, 2002,14:571-577.
8Roden DM. Drug iduced prolongation of the QT interval. N Engl J Med, 2004,350 : 1013-1022.
9Lacassie H J, Columb MO, Lacassie HP, et al. The relative motor blocking potencies of epidural bupivacaine and ropivacaine in labor. Anesth Analg, 2002, 95: 204-208.
8Royse CE,Royse AG,Deelen DA.An audit of morphine versus fentanyl as an adjunct to ropivacaine 0.2% for high thoracic epi dural analgesia[J].Anaesth and Intensis Care,2005,33(5):639-644.
9Kissin I.Preemptive analgesia.Why its effects is not always obvious[J].Anesthesiology,1996,84(5):1015-1019.
