摘要
利用花粉低温冷藏技术与常规石蜡制片技术研究了大花君子兰的花粉贮藏寿命以及受精过程,为其杂交育种提供基础资料。结果如下:新鲜花粉结籽率为35%;-21℃贮藏70d的花粉结籽率为22%;贮藏140d的花粉结籽率为4%;贮藏180d的花粉结籽率为0。两个精细胞具有二型性。成熟胚囊里次生核位于反足细胞端。胚珠发育不同步,胚珠没有受精与胚珠败育成为结籽率低的内部原因。君子兰受精过程经历时间为:人工异花授粉2h左右花粉萌发;花粉管在花柱中生长26h左右;花粉管在子房腔内生长12h左右;授粉后42～50h雌雄性细胞融合;授粉后44～46h初生胚乳核分裂;授粉后的第6～7天,合子进行分裂,合子休眠期为4～5d。
Pollen viability and the process of fertilization in Clivia miniata Regel are studied by means of storing the pollen at low temperature and routine paraffin-embedded sectioning technique, so as to offer some information for its cross breeding.The results are as follows：The setting percentage of fresh pollen is 35 %, it declines to 22% when the pollens are kept for 70 days at-21℃,it turns to 4% when the pollens are stored for another 70 days. Two sperms have the characteristic of heteromorphism. In mature embryo sac, secondary nucleus lies in the antipodal cells end. Asynchronization, unfertilization and abortion in the process of ovule development are main reasons for low setting percentage. Fertilization and duration of each stage：Pollen grains germinate about two hours after artifical pollination, then the pollen tube prolongs in style for about 12 h. Fusion of male and female sexual cells takes place 42-50 h after pollination. The division of primary endosperm nucleus takes place 44-46 h after pollination. Zygote begins to devide at 6-7 days after pollination. The dormancy stage of zygote lasts about 4-5 days.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第5期1249-1256,共8页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(3880041)
关键词
君子兰
花粉
贮藏
寿命
异花传粉
结籽率
受精过程
Clivia miniata Regel
Pollen
Storage
Viability
Cross-pollination
Setting percentage
Fertilization
