摘要
正型粉类(Normapolles)在我国西北及北方广大地区(约北纬34°以北,东经117°以西)下第三系下部的发现(孙湘君等,1979;赵英娘等,1982;郝玉鸿等,1983;王大宁等,1984;郝玉鸿,1987;Zhuo et al., 1981)正在引起人们的广泛兴趣和注意,因为在同一地层中还同时发现了山龙眼类花粉(proteaceous pollen),有的地方还发现有鹰粉类花粉(Aquilapollenites)。
The Otog Banner is located in southwestern Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia), approximately at south of 39°13′N. and west of 107°23′E., with some gypsum beds deposited in Early Tertiary. These strata may be roughly divided into two parts: the upper part is mainly composed of reddish and brick-red sand loam and mudstone, containing some vertebrate fossils, i.e. Tsaganomys altaicus Matthew et Granger, T. sp., Desmatolagus gobiensis Matthew et Granger, Tataromys plicidens Matthew et Granger, Tachyoryctoides sp., Tragulina indet., Rhinocerotidae indet., etc., belonging to middle Oligocene, but no palynomorphs have been found; the lower part is composed of various colored sandy mudstones intercalated with some gypsum beds, containing inconstant mudstone at the base.Many palynomorphs are found from the lower part of these strata, in which the sporo-pollen assemblages might be divided into three types as follows:The first type is dominated by Ephedripites, coniferous and ulmaceous pollen, with some other elements including a few Proteacidites; the second type is marked by many pollen grains of Ephedripites and Proteacidites, with some Normapolles and other elements; and the third type is characterized by rich Ephedripites, with some Proteacidites, Normapolles, and other elements. These three types of sporo-pollen assemblages are listed in the Chinese text.The first type might be middle or middle-late Eocene in geological age, while the second and third types might be late Paleocene to early or even middle Eocene.These sporo-pollen assemblages from the lower part of the Lower Tertiary in the Otog Banner might reflect a shrubbery or savanna vegetation in the vast terretories, with woodlots in the suitable areas; the coniferous forest growing on the hills might represent a semi-arid subtropical climate.Nearly 40 species of fossil proteaceous pollen had been studied and published in China (Wang, 1982). The first one studied in China is Proteacidites adenathoides Cookson (Song et al., 1981, p. 121, p1. 35, figs. 16—20) from the Funing Group of north Jiangsu, but the identification is incorrect in comparison with the type specimen of this species. It might be conspecific with Proteacidites microverrucatus Sun et Zhang (1979, p. 289, p1. Ⅱ, figs. 7—11, 13), but the latter has similar pore structure to that of Propylipollis Martin et Harris, 1974 type E; if it is combined with Propylipollis, there would appear a homonym, because Propylipollis microverrucatus Truswell et Owen, 1988 had been occupied by an Australian Eocene palynomorph.The latest Cretaceous Proteacidites thalmanii Anderson, 1960 and P. mollis Samoil. et al. (Song et al., 1981, p. 122, 123, p1. 35, figs. 24, 25, 27) from the Taizhou Formation of north Jiangsu, should be transposed to Siberiapollis Tschudy, 1971 due to the presence of the colporate aperture. Other Chinese Proteacidites species of Late Cretaceous, whatever with colporate aperture, might also be included in Siberiapollis. Whereas Beaupreaidites, some Late Cretaceous species from Northeast China are perhaps related to Borealipollis Chlonova, 1979 rather than to Beaupreaidites due to the presence of clear apertural chambers; the latter has no such a characteristic. While Beaupreaidites verrucosus Zbou (Song et al., 1981, p1. 35, figs. 12, 13) from the Funing Group of north Jiangsu is homonymous with B. verrucosus Cookson (1950, p1. 1, figs. 6, 7); the former is probably conspecific with Beaupreaidites aggregatus Sun, Zhao et He.Finally, the writers would like to point out that Propylipollis sp. (Sun et al., 1979, p1. Ⅱ, fig. 19) is specifically identical with Diervillapollenites magniatrium Hao (Hao et al., 1983, p1. Ⅱ, fig. 15) and a new genus ought to be founded for them because in diagnosis Propylipollis has no echinate ornamentation and Diervillapollenites does not possess so complex pore structure.
出处
《古生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第3期257-269,385-388,共13页
Acta Palaeontologica Sinica
