摘要
亚历山大帝国的建立及希腊化世界的形成推进了从中亚、印度到东地中海、欧洲之间古代诸文明地区的文化交流和经济来往。张骞之前,沟通亚非欧、连接东西方的三条商路已经出现;希腊文化在希腊—马其顿人统治及影响地区得到了广泛的认同和传播,并在一定程度上与东方文化相汇合;以阿姆河为中心,巴克特里亚希腊人南下印度,东向赛里斯、弗里尼,有可能越过帕米尔进入塔里木盆地。这些都为丝绸之路的开通和延伸以及东西方物质和文化的进一步交流和融合奠定了坚实而广阔的基础。就丝绸之路全线贯通而言,亚历山大东征和张骞通西域都发挥了同样的历史作用。
The establishment of the empire of Alexander the Great and the emergence of the Hellenized world promoted cultural and economic exchanges among the ancient civilizations of Central Asia, India, the eastern Mediterranean and Europe. Before the time of Zhang Qian, there were already three trade routes connecting East and West. Hellenistic culture was widely adopted in the areas under the control and influence of Greek Macedonians, and to a certain extent converged with Eastern cultures. With the Oxus River as a center, the Bactrian Greeks extended their power to India in the south and to the Seres and the Phryni in the east. They may have crossed the Pamirs to the Tarim Basin. All this provided broad and strong foundations for the opening up and extension of the Silk Road and for further material and cultural exchanges between East and West. In this regard, Alexander's eastward expeditions and Zhang Qian's missions to the Western Regions played similar roles in opening up the Silk Road.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第4期150-161,共12页
Historical Research
