摘要
目的:观察高原军事训练期间等长运动对武警战士血管功能影响,为指导在高原的军事训练提供科学依据。方法:试验于2005/2006在青海(海拔约3000m,大气压力在60.49kPa)和天津(海拔约4m,大气压力约101.08kPa)完成。受试者为武警某部新兵连战士。将受试者分为3组,高原籍高原训练组(简称高原Ⅰ组,38人)、平原籍高原训练组(简称高原Ⅱ组,62人)、平原籍平原训练组(简称平原组,60人)。所有受试者进行12周训练,训练强度相同。训练前、训练第4,8,12周用XXG-E3型自动心血管功能诊断仪记录血管功能指标,每次在静态和50%单手最大握力状态下3min末同步纪录桡动脉脉搏图和肱动脉血压。结果:160名受试者均进入结果分析。①与等长运动前比较,3个组运动后平均收缩压升高[如第12周,平原组:(94.6±13.3)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)→(109.1±12.1)mmHg;高原Ⅰ组:(93.9±7.3)mmHg→(108.7±10.7)mmHg;高原Ⅱ组:(98.0±10.6)mmHg→(114.2±10.8)mmHg;P均<0.001],平均舒张压升高[平原组:(73.7±8.8)mmHg→(87.5±11.1)mmHg;高原Ⅰ组:(73.1±7.1)mmHg→(89.2±11.7)mmHg;高原Ⅱ组(77.3±8.9)mmHg→(97.1±9.7)mmHg;P均<0.001]、平均动脉压升高[平原组:(84.1±10.8)mmHg→(98.3±11.4)mmHg;高原Ⅰ组:(83.5±7.0)mmHg→(99.0±11.0)mmHg;高原Ⅱ组(87.7±9.5)mmHg→(105.7±10.0)mmHg;P均<0.001],高原Ⅱ组脉压差减小[(43.5±8.1)mmHg→(34.2±9.3)mmHg,P<0.001]。②与等长运动前比较,3个组运动后冠状动脉灌注压升高[平原组:(7.54±1.13)kPa→(9.26±1.56)kPa;高原Ⅰ组:(7.37±1.21)kPa→(9.52±1.96)kPa;高原Ⅱ组(7.99±1.28)kPa→(10.83±1.49)kPa;P均<0.001]、主动脉排空系数增大(平原组:0.19±0.03→0.21±0.02;高原Ⅰ组:0.18±0.02→0.21±0.03;高原Ⅱ组:0.18±0.03→0.22±0.03;P均<0.001),总外周阻力、标准周阻增大,尤以高原Ⅱ组明显(P<0.001)。③与等长运动前比较,三个组左室射血阻抗运动后减小。④与等长运动前比较,3个组肺动脉压、肺动脉阻力、肺动脉楔压、血管弹性系数运动前后无显著差别(P>0.05)。结论:①在低氧环境军事训练期间50%等长握力运动对体循环血管的功能影响较大,对肺循环血管的功能影响较小。②低氧军事训练对平原籍战士影响较大,但未见损伤心室和肺循环功能。
AIM： To observe the influence of isometric exercise on the function of blood vessels in the soldiers during military training at high altitude, so as to provide scientific basis for the military affairs training at high altitude.
METHODS： The experiment was carried out in Qinghai （about 3 000 m above sea level and 60.49 kPa） and Tianjin （about 4 m above sea level, and 101.08 kPa） from 2005 to 2006. The subjects were recruits from an armed police unit, and divided into plateau native training at high altitude group （plateau group Ⅰ, n =38）, plain native training at altitude group （plateau group Ⅱ, n =62）, and plain native plain training group （plain group, n =60）. All subjects performed the exercise exercise for 12 weeks with the identical training intensity. The function indexes of blood vessel were detected with XXG-E3 cardiovascular function diagnostic unit before training, the 4^th, 8^th, and 12^th weeks during training. At the same time, radial arterial sphygmogrem and brachial arterial blood pressure were recorded at quiet state and the end of 3 minutes for 50% maximal voluntary contraction （MVC）.
RESULTS： 160 subjects were involved in the result analysis. ①Compared with that before isometric exercise, the average systolic pressure of three groups after isometric exercise was elevated [12 weeks： plain group： （94.6±13.3） mm Hg （1 mm Hg= 0.133 kPa）→（109.1±12.1） mm Hg; plateau group Ⅰ ： （93.9±7.3） mm Hg→（108.7±10.7） mm Hg; plateau group Ⅱ： （98.0±10.6） mm Hg→（114.2±10.8） mm Hg; P 〈 0.001]; the average diastolic pressure was also elevated [plain group： （73.7±8.8） mm Hg→（87.5±11.1） mm Hg; plateau group Ⅰ ： （73.1±7.1） mm Hg→（89.2±11.7） mm Hg; plateau group Ⅱ： （77.3±8.9） mm Hg→97.1±9.7） mm Hg; P〈 0.001]; the average arterial pressure was increased [plain group： （84.1±10.8） mm Hg→（98.3±11.4） mm Hg; plateau group Ⅰ ： （83.5±7.0） mm Hg→（98.3±11.4） mm Hg; plateau group B： （87.7±9.5） mm Hg→（105.7±10.0） mm Hg; P〈 0.001]; while the pulse pressure in plateau group Ⅱ was decreased [（43.5±8.1） mm Hg→（34.2±9.3） mm Hg, P〈 0.001]. ②Compared with that before isometric exercise, the coronary perfusion pressure of three groups after isometric exercise was elevated [plain group： （7.54±1.13） kPa→（9.26±1.56） kPa; plateau group Ⅰ：（7.37±1：21） kPa →（9.52±1.96） kPa; plateau group Ⅱ： （7.99±1.28） kPa→（10.83±1.49） kPa; P 〈 0.001]; the aortic empty coefficient was increased [plain group： 0.19±0.03→0.21±0.02; plateau group Ⅰ ： 0.18±0.02→0.21±0.03; plateau group Ⅱ ： 0.18±0.03→0.22±0.03, P 〈 0.001]; total peripheral resistance, and standard peripheral resistance were increased, especially in plateau group Ⅱ （P 〈 0.001）. ③Compared with that before isometric exercise, the left ventricle ejection resistance in all groups after isometric exercise was decreased.④Compared with that before isometric exercise, the changes of pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary arterial resistance, pulmonary arterial wedge pressure, and blood vessel elasticity coefficient were not statistics significant in all groups （P〉 0.05）.
CONCLUSION： ①During military affairs training in hypoxia, the influence of 50% MVC on the function of systemic circulation blood vessel is larger, and on the function of pulmonary circulation blood vessel is smaller. ②Military affairs training in hypoxia has larger effect on plain native soldiers, but no function injury in ventricles or pulmonary circulation is found.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第32期6424-6427,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
基金
武警总部科研基金项目课题(WKH2005-2)~~
