摘要
在不同的条件下,沉积物可成为环境中污染物的“源”或“汇”,而受污染的沉积物会对水生生物带来危害。因此,需要制定沉积物质量基准(SQC),以此作为评价沉积物污染及其生态效应的基础。在过去的几年中,对利用平衡分配法来建立SQC的方法进行了广泛的研究,并被认为是最有效的方法之一。采用平衡分配法,初步建立了长江水系8种重金属及类金属(Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,Ni,Fe,Hg,As)的沉积物相对质量基准。结果表明,上述重金属及类金属的SQC在从长江上游到下游,总体趋势上呈降低的分布特征,并由于地域环境条件的不同,存在着高SQC值单元及低SQC值单元。得出的SQC与国内已有的SQC具有可比性,但高于美国国家环保局提出的SQC,主要是由于采用平衡分配法建立的SQC是一种数值型的基准值,缺乏生物效应的校正。因此,在将其应用到沉积物污染状况评价之前,还需要进行深入的研究工作,特别是毒理学试验。
As a repository or a source of various contaminants under different conditions, contaminated sediments may pose immediate or potential risk to aquatic organisms. Proper sediments quality criteria （SQC）, therefore, are required to indicate the contamination situation. Equilibrium-partitioning approach （EqP） has been intensively studied and incorporated into sediment assessment models in the last few years, and it is believed to be the most promising method to deriving sediment quality criteria. Using EqP approach, this research proposed relative SQC for metals （Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe, Hg and As） of the Yangtze River water system. The results of this relative SQC indicated that, in general, SQC declined along the Yangtze River, and it had an obvious area distinction, and most of the heavy metals studied such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Hg, As, Fe can be divided into several environment units because of the different environmental geochemistry conditions. The SQC obtained in the present study was comparable with those SQC values already obtained in other areas of China, but was higher than those in USA. As this SQC is only a numeric criterion without the consideration of any biological effects, further research, especially research on toxicity is needed before being used as an integrated assessment of sediments. Furthermore, this research showed the direction of further research and provided a possible way to establish SQC for metals.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期525-531,共7页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2002CB412300)资助
关键词
长江
金属
平衡分配法
沉积物质量基准
the Yangtze River
metals
equilibrium-partitioning approach
sediments quality criteria
