摘要
调查研究结果表明,秦岭地区共有百合科药用植物26属69种,分别占本区百合科植物资源总属数的89.7%、总种数的57.0%,其中这些种的生活型以多年生草本为主;药用部位以根状茎类入药的最多,其次是鳞茎类,全草类位居第三;药用功能主要有解表药、清热药、补益药、化痰止咳平喘药和涌吐药等;药用成分主要含生物碱、强心苷及甾体皂苷类、醌类化合物、含硫化合物、多糖等.属、种的地理成分分析表明,属的地理成分以温带成分为主,占本区总属数的92.3%,温带成分中以东亚分布、北温带分布、东亚和北美洲间断分布为主,分别占本区温带分布属数的33.3%、29.2%和19.2%,热带成分仅占本区总属数的7.7%;种的地理成分以中国特有成分和东亚成分(包括变型)为主,分别占本区总种数的58.0%和20.2%,热带成分仅有热带亚洲一个分布型,占本区总种数的8.7%.对69种药用植物进一步分析的基础上,制定了药用植物评价标准,并提出了保护和利用建议.
Based on investigation, the Liliaceae medicinal plants in Qinling Mountain are studied. There are about 69 species of medicinal plants belonging to 26 genera, which accounts for 57.0% and 89.7% of the total species, genera of plant resources there. The life form of them take perennial herb as the dominant plant, the medicinal position are rhizomes at most, secondly bulbs and whole plant, they are mainly divided into diaphoretic, antipyretic, tonic, reduce phlegm and relieve coughing and vomitic according to the efficacy of medicinal plants, the active constituents of Liliaceae medicinal plants are mainly divided into alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, steroidal saponins, quinonoids, orgaosulfur compound, polysaccharides. The geogrophic element of species and genera of Liliaceae medicinal plant is analyzed, the results show that the geographic element of the flora is of multiplicity, and predominant with temperate floristic element（92.3%）, among which, east Asia, laorth temperate, east Asia and north America disjuncted distribution elements have a higher percentage, which accounts for 33.3%, 29.2% and 19.2 % of the total genera of temperate floristic element. The geogrophic element of the species take endemic to China and east Asia （including subtypes） as the dominant distribution subtypes, which accounts for 58.0% and 20.2% of the total species of Liliaceae medicinal plants. Based on an evaluating calibration of synthesis value of Liliaceae medicinal plants, the 69 Liliaceae medicinal plants are evaluated, they are divided into 7 types according to their drug sections. At last, some advice of preservation andutilization are put forward based on the conditions of resource of Liliaceae medicinal plants in Qinling Mountain.
出处
《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2007年第4期79-84,共6页
Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)
基金
西北农林科技大学校青年科学基金资助项目(04ZM027)
关键词
百合科
药用植物
多样性
评价
秦岭地区
Liliaceae
medicinal plant
diversity
evaluation
Qinling Mountain
