摘要
本文通过试验研究,初步肯定了全生育期地膜覆盖对水地春小麦的节水增产效果。初步看出其节水增产的机理为:地膜覆盖的增(地)温和保墒作用,增加了春小麦幼苗期的干物质积累和叶面积,促进了根系的生长发育;并使出苗提早,促进延长了穗分化,起到增粒作用;同时使千粒重也有所增加,从而达到增产;由于保墒作用及头水的推迟,减少了灌溉定额和灌溉次数及耗水量,因此具有明显的节水效果。通过对两年试验所建立的回归模型进行计算机选优,得出了节水、节种、增产的优化栽培措施组合为:头水叶龄4～4.5叶,二水时期为开花,全生育期灌水2次,灌溉定额155～200方/亩,播种23～32万粒/亩,施氮10公斤左右,氮磷比1∶0.5～0.7,但对地膜复盖技术还需继续研究,继续提高其经济效益,同时上列措施组合尚待进一步完善和经生产验证。
In the past three years, a plastic film covering technique have been applied to irrigated spring wheat for its all growth period in 4 experiment points over west Gansu region. The intercomparisons of a series experiments with and without types show plastic film covering has certain effects on Yield-increasing and water-saving. The reasons for the effects are the following: The plastic film covering raises the soil temperature and moisture content, increases dry matter accumulation in wheat seed stage and its leaf area, improves its root growth, has more grains and 1000 grain weight. The plastic film covering also keeps the soil from drying, delaies the first irrigated time, decreases the times of water irrigation and water-cost in each irrigated time. In addition, the optimum combined regression model for water-saving, seed-saving and yield-increasing were also chosen by computer in past two year experiments.
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第2期213-219,共7页
Plateau Meteorology
关键词
春小麦
水地
地膜
生育期
节水
Irrigated spring wheat
Plastic film covering
Yield-increasing and water-saving
Optimum combined cultivated measures
