摘要
塔里木胡杨自然保护区作为世界原始胡杨生长最好、保存最完整的地方,在研究胡杨对环境约束的适应机制方面提供非常宝贵的资源。胡杨(p.euphratica)对干旱,盐碱有极强的忍耐力,因此,它是塔里木胡杨自然保护区的主要保护对象,该保护区是全国两大胡杨保护区之一,在保持整个塔里木河流域生态平衡中起到重要的作用。近年来,由于自然与人类原因,尤其是人类的不合理开发活动引起了该保护区的生态环境的退化。本文基于3S技术与野外考察,分析胡杨生态系统脆弱性影响因素及其相互作用机制。结果表明:由于干旱区特殊的环境、地形地貌条件及其人类对水、土地资源的不合理利用导致了地表水资源的减少,地下水位的下降,最后引起了胡杨生态环境的退化。最后提出了一些有益的治理措施。
P. euphratica （Populus euphratica）, at Tarim Nature Reserve, growing in their natural habitat represents a valuable resource for elucidating mechanism of acclimation to environmental constraints. P. euphratica is a salt-tolerant tree species growing in saline semi-arid areas. It is one of the stress-exposed and desert-grown species. Therefore,the P. euphratica has been treated as main protecting object and the Tarim Nature Reserve is one of two P. euphratica Reserves in China. Also plays great significant role in maintaining the ecological balance of the Tarim basin. However, the P. euphratica nature reserve＇s eco-environment is getting more and more degenerated due tO the human activities in recent years. This paper analyzes the ecological frangible factors and their influence mechanisms on the nature reserve eco-system stability using 3S technologies. The results showed the eco-environmental condition of P. euphratica is fragile and the ability of insisting on the artificial influence is weak because of the harsh climate, topographical conditions, and human irrational wateruse and land resources. The shortage and exhaustion of surface water, as well as descendance of groundwater depth, make populus euphratica forests deteriorating. The protecting strategies are suggested in this paper according to the research analysis.
出处
《水资源与水工程学报》
2007年第3期30-35,共6页
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"塔里木盆地南部绿洲水资源与地表生态环境演变研究(49961002)"
春晖计划项目"新疆胡杨林资源及其保护"
关键词
胡杨自然保护区
胡杨生态系统脆弱性
胡杨退化
塔里木
P. euphratica Nature Reserve
P. euphratica ecosystem fragility
P. euphratica deterioration
Tarim
