摘要
本文根据１９５１～１９９５年我国３３６个站逐旬降水量资料，采用服从皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布的旱涝Ｚ指数，分析了４０多年来我国夏季风活跃期的旱涝事实。
China is a famous monsoon climatic area in east Asia.By the impact of summer monsoon of east Asia,most precipitation concentrate in summer in China.The total precipitation in summer is used as the parameter for describing main character of summer monsoon in east Asia.The annual variation and decade's variation reflect the main character of summer monsoon.No steady of summer monsoon leads to drought flood disasters range of China. Based on the precipitation of a period in wide of ten days in 336 stations which are located in seven areas of China from 1951 to 1995,we analysed drought and flood facts in the active period of summer monsoon in recent 45 years using Person Ⅲ Z index of drought and flood,and assessed the impact of drought and flood.Then some conclusions are as follows: 1.By the impact of summer monsoon,the drought and flood disasters in summer are frequent in China,the drought and flood disasters in great range of more than three areas occured about once every 3～4 years.With the increase of time,the frequency of severe drought appeared to be increasing,and the frequency of severe flood appeared to be decreasing from 1950s to 1980s and rising in 1990s. 2.The five areas such as North East,North West,North China,Jianghuai area and South West appeared to the drying trend.The Yangtse River region and South China are getting more wet. 3.The drying trend leads to the drought areas of crops increasing rapidly by the speed of about 333 3×10 4hm 2 every 10 years.The total water resources in North China decreased rapidly by the speed of about 9 billion m 3 every 10 years.
出处
《自然灾害学报》
CSCD
1997年第1期65-69,共5页
Journal of Natural Disasters
关键词
自然灾害
旱灾
涝灾
水资源
季风
年际变化
Natural disaster Drought Waterlagging Water resources Z index
