摘要
利用１９８５年５月至６月在北京郊区中国科学院农业生态试验研究站的麦田中实测的小麦不同生长期的ＣＯ２浓度梯度、光合有效辐射、净辐射、土壤热通量和温度、湿度及风速梯度等量的数据，采用空气动力学方法，计算了ＣＯ２通量、感热通量、潜热通量和动量通量。并对观测场地、仪器设备、校准方法及误差分析进行了描述。结果表明：从５月１４日到６月１５日，在１ｍ，２ｍ和１０ｍ处，ＣＯ２浓度振幅的日变化分别为１０３．４到２７．５，８７．５到２７．３和６９．８到１１．５ｐｐｍ；光合型和呼吸型的平均ＣＯ２浓度分别为３４５．３，３５０．６，３５７．５ｐｐｍ和３７３．９，３６９．７，３６２．１ｐｐｍ。在白天，ＣＯ２通量和梯度的输送方向是从大气向植被，在中午（１１时到１３时）输送达到负的最大值。在夜间，ＣＯ２通量和梯度输送的方向与白天相反，并且，在早晨（４时到６时）达到正的最大值。ＣＯ２通量与净辐射（Ｒｎ）、可利用能（Ｈ＋ＬＥ）。
The gradient of CO 2 concentration,photosynthetically active radiation,net radiation,soil heat flux,profiles of wind speed,and air temperature and humidity were measured above a wheat field during May and June 1985 at Beijing Agro Ecosystems Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Fluxes of carbon dioxide,sensible heat,latent heat and momentum were calculated by using the aerodynamic method.The observation site,equipment,calibration techniques, and the errors associated with the measurement, and the computational procedures are described. The results show that the diurnal variations of the amplitude of CO 2 concentration were 103.4 to 27.5,87.5 to 27.3,and 69.8 to 11.5 ppm; the average CO 2 concentrations were 345.3,350.6 and 357.5 ppm for the photosynthesis type, and 373.9,369.7 and 362.1 ppm for the respiration type at 1m,2m and 10m above surface, respectively,from May 14 to June 15. During the day,transfer direction of the CO 2 fluxes and gradients was from air to crop canopy, and at noon (11 to 13 hour) the transfer rate reaches negative maximum value. At night, transfer of the CO 2 fluxes and gradients was in the reversed direction and reaches positive maximum in the early morning (4 to 6 hour). There are strong correlation between CO 2 flux and the net radiation(Rn),available energy(H+LE),photosynthetically active radiation and momentum flux.
出处
《气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第2期187-199,共13页
Acta Meteorologica Sinica
关键词
农田
近地面层
二氧化碳
湍流通量
CO 2 concentration and flux,Net radiation flux,Sensible heat and latent heat fluxes,Momentum flux,Photosynthetically active radiation.
