摘要
四部经典已拥有程度副词的多数类别,尚无表示中度、适度和一定程度的词。明清语料与之基本相同。“四书”高程度组和低程度组的副词词次比达10∶1,明清语料低程度组大有发展,调整至约4∶1。递度组发展也很大。两种语料对比,明清组词项增长了66.7%,频率增长了32.1%,程度副词取得了长足的进展,这是汉语走向精细化的表现。推测程度副词的起源,表示高程度的早于表示低程度的,表递度的在这两组之后,表适度、中度的最后产生。“四书”程度副词大多是他词的业余使用,明清加强了专业化,但多数还是副词与他词的兼类词,特别是形、副兼类。
The four sutras had revealed most kinds of degree adverbs except for adverbs to express middle degree or moderation. The linguistic materials from Ming and Qing dynasties were basically the same as the four sutras. The distinction between the high degree group and the low degree group reached 10 ： 1. The low degree group increased much in Ming and Qing dynasty＇s linguistic materials to 4.1. So did the degree increasing group. Comparing the two groups of materials, we find the word items increased by 66,7% while frequency by 32.1%. The development of degree adverbs shows that Chinese language heads to a refined way. It is concluded that the high degree adverbs appeared first, followed by the low degree adverbs, and then came the increasing degree adverbs and finally the middle degree or moderation adverbs. Most degree adverbs in the four sutras were avocations of other words, but in Ming and Qing dynasties, they intensified their specialization, yet most of them were still used in more than one word class.
出处
《西华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2007年第3期42-45,53,共5页
Journal of Xihua University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)
关键词
程度副词
先秦副词
明清副词
副词发展
程度副词起源
degree adverb
Pre-Qin adverb
Ming and Qing adverb
adverb development
origin of adverb
