摘要
目的探讨泰国某锡矿区环境砷污染的空间分布特点以及与人群慢性砷中毒的关系。方法创建该锡矿区的基础地理信息系统(GIS),整合砷污染的环境监测和慢性砷中毒病人的发生地资料,在此基础上分析砷污染状况以及慢性砷中毒病人的空间分布特征。用空间内插法(IDW)形成该地地下水、耕作层土壤的砷污染趋势面,并结合缓冲地带划定及查询功能,等级相关分析等对慢性砷中毒病人出现及未出现区域的环境特点进行了分析。结果按照当地环境卫生标准,将地下水、耕作层土壤的污染程度进行了空间分级,找出了相对危险区域。慢性砷中毒病人的出现区域与未出现区域的地下水中砷的含量及土壤类型明显不同(P<0.05),但与土壤中水溶性砷含量关系不明显(P>0.05)。结论饮水砷浓度是该地慢性砷中毒的决定因素,而土壤类型影响慢性砷中毒的发生;GIS的空间趋势面分析对了解砷污染的状况和人群病情监控提供了重要工具。
To explore the spatial features of arsenic contamination and its association with chronic arsenic poisoning in a tin mining area of Thailand, Methods Geographic information system（GIS） was built up with integration of arsenic concentration in varied environmental media and occurring location data of chronic arsenism patients. Then, the spatial interpolation （IDW）, buffer zoning, query and rank correlation analysis were applied. Results Groundwater and surface farming land were classified according to local environmental arsenic standards; the relative risk areas were identified. The incidence of chronic arsenic poisoning was significantly correlated with arsenic level in groundwater and soil type （P 〈 0.05 ）, and insignificantly related with water soluble arsenic in soil （P 〉 0.05 ）, Conclusion The arsenic content in drinking water could be critical to chronic arsenic poisoning. The soil type could be an important factor affecting such poisoning. Trend analysis in GIS could provide a valuable tool for understanding the pollution situation and disease surveillance.
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第3期357-360,共4页
Journal of Hygiene Research
关键词
地理信息系统
锡矿区
慢性砷中毒
geographic information system
tin mining area
chronic arsenic poisoning
