摘要
6σ改进主要应用于现有的过程或产品,而6σ设计主要应用于设计或重新设计过程或产品;何时优先采用6σ设计方法一直是一个备受争议的问题。为解决这一问题,比较了6σ改进和6σ设计方法的差异;进而从系统论的观点,分析了选择6σ方法时需要考虑的要素并建立了相应的指标体系;在此基础上,引入了多目标决策的层次分析方法,并对一个6σ项目进行了分析。结果表明,选择6σ方法受到许多因素的影响,从而替代了6σ文献中“只有达到4.8σ,才能实施6σ设计”的准则。结论是任何实施6σ管理的组织可以根据技术、顾客需求、成本、复杂性、风险等因素,选择适应于自身发展的6σ方法。
Six sigma improvement is applied to existing processes/products, while design for six sigma （DFSS） involves designing new processes/products or redesigning existing processes/products for achieving high sigma quality levels. When the DFSS methodology becomes a priority over the continuous im- provement methodology is not well documented in the existing literature and is also a controversial issue. In order to cope with the problem, the paper first compares the dissimilarities of both six sigma methodologies. Then it proposes key factors that can affect selecting the appropriate six sigma methodology based on system theory. After that it introduces analytical hierarchy process （AHP） to evaluate six sigma methodologies under different constraints. And finally, a simulation example by using AHP is provided. The result shows that the ＇five sigma wall＇ is not necessarily the only and most accurate criterion to select between six sigma improvement and DFSS. It is concluded that companies can apply both methodologies simultaneously. Moreover, the decision of DFSS over continuous improvement depends on a number of variables such as technology, costomer demands, cost, risk, complexity, etc.
出处
《工业工程》
2007年第3期6-10,共5页
Industrial Engineering Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金(7037201070672088)
关键词
6σ改进
6σ设计
指标体系
层次分析
six sigma improvement
design for six sigma
criterion system
analytical hierarchy process
