摘要
以5个不同铃重类型的棉花品种为材料,研究源—库协调特性与产量形成的关系。结果表明:试验所用品种中,铃型较小的品种在整个生育期群体叶面积较高,而棉铃的IAA/ABA值较低,对营养物质的需求利用能力较低,为弱势库,导致子棉产量较低;大铃品种(宿棉9108)的棉铃为强势库,但营养体的生长相对不足,后期伏桃大量脱落;铃型较中等的品种,叶面积载铃量较高,棉铃对同化产物的需求使叶片在生长后期保持较高的叶绿素含量和净光合生产能力,伏桃脱落率较低,子棉产量较高。对限制棉花产量提高的因素分析表明,铃型较小的品种多属于库限制型品种,易发生徒长;铃型较大的品种属于源限制型品种,后期易早衰。研究结果可为棉铃发育的栽培调控及铃型育种提供依据。
Five cotton eultivars with different boll weight were used to study on the source-sink coordination of different cultivars. The experiment was conducted on Hebei Agricultural University farm in 2002 and 2003 under density of 52,500 plants · hm^-2. The author analyzed the number of bolls in unit area leaf,the number of total boll per plant,the ratio of boll and bud dropping and the content of hormone in boll seed at different growth stages. Furthermore,we also study on the change of leaf area index （LAI）,chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis production during whole growth period of cotton. The result showed that lower IAA/ABA was found in seed of small-boll cultivars, which might illuminated that this kind of boll was the weaker in competition with vegetative tissue,and the boll was easier to drop compared with that of bigger-boll cultivars. For feedback on the weaker sink of small-boll cultivars, the content of chlorophyll in the leaves and the net photosynthesis production were lower although the LAI of small-boll cultivar was larger than that of big-boll cultivar during whole growth stage. Contrary to small-boll cultivar,Big-boll cultivar Sumian 9108 has a strongest sink among all cultivars in the experiment,which induced no photosynthesis production enough to vegetative growth although stimulated a higher level of chlorophyll and more effective photosynthesis production capability. The relative lower LAI of big-boll cultivar compared to the sink caused a great dropping of boll that appeared on August 15^th ago. As for the cultivars with middle weight of boll,the capability of sink absorbing photosynthetic product was stronger than that of others cultivars with photosynthetic product to boll develop. This might beneficial to boll dropping decrease and yield increase. It can be concluded that neither too small-boll nor too big-boll cultivars were beneficial to high ratio of boll setting. The major factor inhibited small-boll cultivars＂ yield was weaker capability sink with overgrowth vegetative. As for big-boll cultivars,it was the relative weaker source paralleled with senescence.
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第3期189-193,共5页
Cotton Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(30370833)
河北省自然科学基金(399119)
