摘要
一、概述 海洋石油通信专用网是随我国海洋石油工业的需要而建设和发展的。由于海洋石油工业具有高风险、高技术、高投入特性,勘探开发队伍分布在远离数十甚至数百公里的海上钻采平台上,保持海上作业队伍与基地通信联络,对于保证作业器材、材料和生活消耗的及时供应,保证作业指令和其它指令及时传达到各级作业人员中,保证在发生紧急情况,如井喷、火灾、冰流、台风时海上生产设施和人员的安全无恙,都是十分重要的。因此,海洋石油通信专用网必须始终坚持以为海上勘探开发服务,为海洋石油工业的管理和改革服务的宗旨。只有这样,海洋石油工业对通信系统的投入才能充分发挥其作用,取得直接和间接的经济效益和社会效益。
The paper describes the important role of the private network in the development of China's Offshore Oil industry. The build-up of the private networks for the past 20 years experienced three phases,starting from 1964. The first phase system was mainly based on the domestically produced medium-wave/short-wave equipments offering legacy communication services such as Morse telegraph and shortwave telephone services.The second phase spanned from 1981 to 1992,during this phase existing networks were enhanced and new networks were built using more advanced technologies introduced from abroad. Network super-structures were built around digital computerized exchanges, using shortwave single sideband (SSB)technology, maritime satellite and VHP radio as transmission media.The third phase started since 1992, with the construction of new digital communication networks. VSAT earth stations replaced most of the shortwave SSB equipments, digital microwave and transmission systems have been deployed in large scale both at the bases and offshore production sites. Now, the private networks are capable of providing voice,data and image services,gradually shaping into an advanced integrated digital service private network.The company's private network at present stage introduces advanced technologies, such as VSAT, computerized subscribers' exchanges, digital fiber-optics and microwave backbone transmission technologies, SSB, 1SB, short wave, VHF, UHF,maritime satcom. , submarine copper/fiber-optical cables, video-conferencing technology, DGPS. HDSL, etc.Among the advanced communications services available include satellite direct dialing telephone and FAX, 19. 2- 64 kbps data transmission, satellite video conferencing, etc.Future development of the private network will focus on state-of-the-arts development in the area of INTERNET/IN TRANET, video-conferencing, SDH transmission techniques, ATM, CDMA, micro wave, VSAT, etc.
