摘要
以渝西方山丘陵区张家沟小流域为空间范围,基于遥感和地理信息系统技术,运用多样性指数、优势度、破碎度和分离度等景观生态学定量化指标,分析了该流域1957,1976,1982,1992和1998年土地利用与景观格局的演变规律。运用分形理论计算得到了各种景观的分维数,以此为依据探讨了各种景观形态的复杂性。研究结果表明,随着时间的推移和经济的发展,张家沟小流域各种景观的多样性指数、破碎度和优势度以及景观的分离度发生了较为复杂的不均匀变化,变化的节律性与区域农业经济政策、人口的增长和经济的发展具有很好的对应性;各种景观形态的复杂性程度排序为:居民地>林地>水田>旱地>园地>水域;应用RS和GIS技术,借助景观生态学的研究方法,探讨小流域景观格局的演变,是区域土地利用与土地覆盖变化过程、格局和机理研究的有效方法。
Landscape pattern in Zhangjia valley of the low tabular mountains and hills in Western Chongqing Municipality is studied by using five sets of land use data in 1957,1976,1982,1992 and 1998, quantitative methods of landscape ecology and techniques of RS ＆ GIS. Firstly, landscape is classified into six types of irrigable land, dry land, orchard, woodland, village and watershed, respectively, by using remote sensing images. Secondly, a geographical information system（GIS） is designed and set up based on digital data extracted from remote sensing images, field investigation data and other types of data, and then a digital map of landscape is figured out. Thirdly, depended on spatial analysis function of GIS, indexes for diversity, dominance, fragment, isolation and fractal dimension of each landscape type in different periods are calculated. It is found that with time elapsing and economical development, changes in the indexes become complicated and anomalistic. The rhythms of the changes are consistent with agricultural policies, increase in population and economical development. Fractal dimensions of landscape types from high to low are village, woodland, irrigable land, dry land, orchard and watershed in turn. Such a rank explicitly shows the complexity of landscape types. It is an effective method to study the processes, patterns and mechanisms of the changes in regional land use and land cover using landscape ecology and the techniques of GIS ＆ RS.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第2期91-94,98,共5页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
重庆市哲学社会科学研究重点项目"渝西方山丘陵社区土地利用变化趋势和变化机制研究"
关键词
土地利用
景观格局
分形
演变
landuse
landscape pattern
fractal geometry
change
