摘要
１９９３年５月４—６日（“９３．５”）在我国西北地区发生了一次极具破坏力的“黑风暴”。为了诊断这次黑风暴发展期的热量和水汽收支，使用了具有高分辨ＰＢＬ参数化及４０ｋｍ细网络的ＭＭ４对该例控制模拟的输出资料和热量与水汽收支方程。对视热源（Ｑ１）和视水汽汇（Ｑ２）的诊断结果指出，Ｑ１的垂直积分在黑风暴的前部和后部分别呈现一条显著的加热带和冷却带。在黑风暴区，Ｑ１和Ｑ２的区域平均垂直廓线揭示，黑风暴的Ｑ１加热主要发生在对流层的上部，而其中部加热主要出现在发展初期；与Ｑ１相应，Ｑ２在低空和中空分别发生明显的增湿变冷和变干加热。这些结果不仅与因黑风暴过程而观测到的强剧强降温率一致。
A “black storm ”with severe destructibility occurred in the Northwest Region of China during 4-6 May 1993 (“93.5”).In order to diagnose the heat and moisture budgets of the black storm during its development ,here used were the output data from control simulation for this case using improved MM4 with high resolution PBL parameterization and 40km fine mesh,and the equations of heat and moisture budgets.The diagnostic results for the apparent heat source( Q 1 ) and apparent moisture sink ( Q 2 ) indicated that the vertical integrations of the Q 1 exhibited marked heating and cooking bands in ahead and behind parts of the black storm ,respectively.The area averaged vertical profiles of the Q 1 and Q 2 in the black storm region revealed that heating of the Q 1 for the black storm occurred mainly upper levels of the troposphere,the heating in the midtropospheric levels occurred mainly the developing early stage of the black storm,in correspondence with Q 1 ,the marked moistening cooling and drying heating of the Q 2 occurred the lower levels and middle levels,respectively.These results are not only consistent with observed rapid and intense detemperature rate and showery rain with snow due to the black storm event ,but also provides physically basis for improving and developing mesoscale numerical models used to simulate and forecast the balck storm.
出处
《气象》
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第3期8-14,共7页
Meteorological Monthly
基金
国家自然基金
关键词
黑风暴
诊断分析
热量
水汽收支
风暴
balck storm\ diagnostic analysis\ heat and moisture budgets
