摘要
艾儒略的《职方外纪》是用中文写成的最早介绍世界地理知识的著作之一。有关地球形状、五大洲（实为六大洲）及经纬度知识，明清之际已被我国接受并有所发挥。五大洲及海洋各论共介绍大陆国家４２个、岛国（屿）２１个、海洋名称２７个及连接中西的两条海上航线。通过比较，当时我国海上航行只是前往东南亚、何拉伯半岛及非洲东岸，认识国家９０余个。《职方外纪》深化了我国关于世界地理及地理制图的认识，推动了国人了解和学习欧洲的先进科技。
Zhi Fang Wai Ji (1623) of the Italian Jesuit missionary Julio Aleni (1582-1649)is the earliest book on world geography written in Chinese. When the Ming Dynasty was changing into the Qing Dynasty, knowledge of the earth, the five continents (six continents in reality) as well as longitudes and latitudes was already accepted and elaborated in China. For the continents and oceans in the book, 41 continental countries, 21 island countries (or islands), 27 names of sea and oceans and 2 sea routes connecting China and the West were introduced. Merchant ships of China then only sailed to SoutheastAsia, the Arabian Peninsula and the east coast of Africa,involving more than 90 countries. Because of Zhi Fang Wai Ji, China's understanding of world geography and geographical mapmaking was deepened, and its people gradually began to understand and study the advanced science and technology of Europe. At the same time, recognition of countries of Southeast Asia, the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Sea, the Red Sea and the Mozambique Channel by China also substantiated the content of the world's regional geography.
出处
《中国科技史料》
CSCD
1996年第1期16-25,共10页
China Historical Materials of Science and Technology
关键词
艾儒略
职方外纪
地理学
Julio Aleni, Zhi Fang Wai Ji, world geography, Chinese-Western contrast
