摘要
在食用油生产过程中均会不同程度地产生皂脚（又称油泥），为解决皂脚排放造成的环境污染及资源浪费问题，该文以皂脚为原料进行制备生物柴油的试验分析。提出了皂脚经循环气相酯化水蒸气蒸馏制备生物柴油的方法和工艺流程，探讨解决制备过程中酯化反应的连续带水和反应快速进行的问题，得到优化工艺参数。试验装置主要由气相酯化反应器、甲醇气化器、粗生物柴油精馏器和油水分离器等组成。研究结果表明，酯化反应温度为（100±5）℃，皂脚质量0．5％～0．8％的硫酸或3％～4％的对甲苯磺酸为催化剂，甲醇蒸气通入速度6L／min，反应时间90～120min，生物柴油精馏器的液相温度为160～220℃，气相温度为120～190℃，水蒸气温度为（100±5）℃，水蒸气通入量为5L／min，能使皂脚制备生物柴油的转化率达99％以上，产品品质指标基本达到美国的ASTM生物柴油标准，并与中国的0^#柴油接近。
By-product of alkali-refining of edible oils, which can cause environmental pollution and waste of resource, is always discarded during the process of production of edible oils. In order to solve the problem, experimental study was conducted to analyze the preparation of biodiesel from by-product of alkali-refining of edible oils. The way and technologic flow of circulating gas phase esterification-water vapour distillation were improved to explore the solution of removing water continuously and reacting quickly in esterification. Optimal technological parameters were obtained. The experimental setup includes the reactor of gas-phase esterification, gasifying device of methanol, refining device of raw product and the segregator of oil and water. The experimental results show that the conversion rate of preparation biodiesel from by-product of alkali-refining of edible oils exceeds 99% by following conditions： esterification temperature at （100 ± 5）℃, sulfuric acid （0. 5 ～ 0. 8% w/w） or p-toluensulfonic acid（3～4% w/w） as catalyst＇, gaseous methanol dosage of 6L/min, reaction time between 90～ 120 min, liquid phase between 160～220℃ and gas phase between 120～190℃ in refining device, temperature of Key words：
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第2期183-187,共5页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
昆明理工大学青年基金项目(校青2006-92)
关键词
皂脚
生物柴油
循环气相酯化
by-product of alkali-refining of edible oils
biodiesel
circulating gas-phase esterification
