摘要
目的:评价乌鲁木齐市美沙酮维持治疗门诊中海洛因成瘾者在吸毒行为、违法犯罪行为、性行为等特征变化情况,为艾滋病防制措施的制定提供依据。方法:对进入美沙酮维持治疗的170名海洛因成瘾者进行问卷调查,调查其在人口学、吸毒行为和性行为等情况,而后在随访6个月时再进行调查。结果:在入组6个月后,170名受治者中有55.29%(94/170)保留在美沙酮维持治疗中,有44.71%(76/170)从美沙酮维持治疗中脱失。基线调查时过去3个月的共用针具率为44.07%(26/59),6个月时过去3个月的共用针具率下降至25.42%(15/59),海洛因使用天数从基线时的平均每月的(28.40±2.07)天下降到中期评估时平均每月的(1.90±1.10)天。有工作的比率从基线调查时的32.98%(31/94)上升6个月时的47.87%(45/94)。结论:美沙酮维持治疗在减少高危吸毒行为、性行为,减少犯罪,改善家庭、社会功能等方面是有效的。美沙酮维持治疗应在全国范围内推广,以控制艾滋病在吸毒人群中的传播。
Objective： To evaluate the changes of drug taking, criminal and sexual behavior among heroin addicts in methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） in Urumqi city, providing information for AIDS control and prevention. Methods： 170 MMT patients were interviewed using questionnaire for demographic features, drug abuse and sexual behavior. Follow-up interviews were conducted 6 months （mean） after the first interview. Results： Six months after admission, 52% of the subjects were kept on methadone maintenance and 48% dropped out.The percentage of participants in sharing needles and syringes in the pasted three months declined from 44.07% at baseline to 25.42% at the medium-term follow-up. Average heroin use dropped from an average of （28.40± 2.07） days per month at baseline to （1.90± 1.10） days per month after 6 months. 44% of 170 MMT patients self-reported not using heroin during follow-up. The average number of days of illicit injecting reduced fxom 25.7 to 10.8 days. Employment increased from 32.98% （31/94） before treatment to 47.87% （45/94） after 6 months. Treatment satisfaction rating was increased, but it was not significant （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： MMT was effective in reducing high-risk drug abusing behavior, sexual behavior, crime, improving family and social function. MMT should be expanded in our country to control rapid spread of HIV among drug users.
出处
《中国药物滥用防治杂志》
CAS
2007年第1期10-13,共4页
Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment
